ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2012
15 kDa granulysin causes differentiation of monocytes to dendritic cells but lacks cytotoxic activity.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of the menstrual cycle and ethinyl estradiol/etonogestrel contraceptive vaginal ring on granulysin and other mucosal immune mediators.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2021Trial
- Menstruation is Associated With Cyclical Granulysin Peaks in Vaginal Secretions Despite Stable Expression by Cervicovaginal Immune Cells.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Article
- Multiomics Analysis Reveals Distinct Changes in the Cellular Composition of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus.Journal of lower genital tract disease · 2026Article
- GNLY+CD8+ T cells bridge premature aging and persistent inflammation in people living with HIV.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Disrupting membranes, controlling cell fate: the role of pore-forming proteins in cell death and therapy.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2025Review
- Characterization of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and their spatial distribution in triple-negative breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2024Article
- Inhibition of Bruton's tyrosine kinase with PD-1 blockade modulates T cell activation in solid tumors.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Multiomic single-cell sequencing defines tissue-specific responses in Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Article
- Involvement of M1-Activated Macrophages and Perforin/Granulysin Expressing Lymphocytes in IgA Vasculitis Nephritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Conjugation of the 9-kDa Isoform of Granulysin with Liposomes Potentiates Its Cytotoxicity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Granulysin expression and granulysin-mediated apoptosis in the peripheral blood of osteoarthritis patients.Biomedical reports · 2022Article
- CD127+ CD94+ innate lymphoid cells expressing granulysin and perforin are expanded in patients with Crohn's disease.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Subdiffraction-resolution fluorescence imaging of immunological synapse formation between NK cells and A. fumigatus by expansion microscopy.Communications biology · 2021Article
- Intra- and Extracellular Effector Vesicles From Human T And NK Cells: Same-Same, but Different?Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- The cytotoxic molecule granulysin is capable of inducing either chemotaxis or fugetaxis in dendritic cells depending on maturation: a role for Vδ2Immunology · 2020Article
- A Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis relA deletion mutant and a 35 kDa major membrane protein elicit development of cytotoxic T lymphocytes with ability to kill intracellular bacteria.Veterinary research · 2018Article
- Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate-Supported Nanocomposite as Drug Carrier System for Controlled Delivery of Ondansetron.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Nucleated Teleost Erythrocytes Play an Nk-Lysin- and Autophagy-Dependent Role in Antiviral Immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Granulysin is expressed as two isoforms by human cytotoxic cells: a single mRNA gives rise to 15 kDa granulysin, a portion of which is cleaved to a 9 kDa protein. Studies with recombinant 9 kDa granulysin have demonstrated its cytolytic and proinflammatory properties, but much less is known about the biologic function of the 15 kDa isoform. In this study, we show that the subcellular localization and functions of 9 and 15 kDa granulysin are largely distinct. Nine kilodalton granulysin is confined to cytolytic granules that are directionally released following target cell recognition. In contrast, 15 kDa granulysin is located in distinct granules that lack perforin and granzyme B and that are released by activated cytolytic cells. Although recombinant 9 kDa granulysin is cytolytic against a variety of tumors and microbes, recombinant 15 kDa granulysin is not. The 15 kDa isoform is a potent inducer of monocytic differentiation to dendritic cells, but the 9 kDa isoform is not. In vivo, mice expressing granulysin show markedly improved antitumor responses, with increased numbers of activated dendritic cells and cytokine-producing T cells. Thus, the distinct functions of granulysin isoforms have major implications for diagnosis and potential new therapies for human disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.