ArticleToxicologic pathology2012
Gender differences in chemical carcinogenesis in National Toxicology Program 2-year bioassays.
Article in Toxicologic pathology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gender differences in cancer susceptibility: role of oxidative stress.Carcinogenesis · 2016Pooled it
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- Hesperidin as a bioactive compound in citrus fruits reduces N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mortality and toxicity in mice: as a model for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Vanillic acid protects mortality and toxicity induced by N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea in mice; in vivo model of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.Toxicology reports · 2024Article
- Association between 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and cognitive impairment in older adults: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2001-2002 and 2011-2014.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2024Article
- Gender Differences in Oxidative Stress in Relation to Cancer Susceptibility and Survival.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
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- The spectrum of sex differences in cancer.Trends in cancer · 2022Review
- Sexual Differentiation Specifies Cellular Responses to DNA Damage.Endocrinology · 2021Review
- Sex-dependent liver cancer xenograft models for predicting clinical data in the evaluation of anticancer drugs.Laboratory animal research · 2021Article
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- Sex Differences in Human and Animal Toxicology.Toxicologic pathology · 2017Review
- Recurrent amplification of RTEL1 and ABCA13 and its synergistic effect associated with clinicopathological data of gastric adenocarcinoma.Molecular cytogenetics · 2016Article
- Androgen receptor actions modify skin structure and chemical carcinogen-induced skin cancer susceptibility in mice.Hormones & cancer · 2015Article
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- Exocrine pancreatic carcinogenesis and autotaxin expression.PloS one · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Differences in cancer incidences between men and women are often explained by either differences in environmental exposures or by influences of sex hormones. However, there are few studies on intrinsic gender differences in susceptibility to chemical carcinogens. We have analyzed the National Toxicology Program (NTP) database for sex differences in rat responses to chemical carcinogens. We found that the odds that male rat bioassays were assigned a higher level of evidence than female rat bioassays was 1.69 (p < .001). Of 278 carcinogenic chemicals in the database, 201 (72%) exhibited statistical gender differences (p ≤ .05) in at least one nonreproductive organ. One hundred thirty of these 201 chemicals induced gender-specific tumors in male rats and 59 in female rats. Sixty-eight chemicals induced tumors in males but no tumors in females. Less than one third (i.e., 19 chemicals) induced tumors in females but not males. Male-specific tumors included pancreatic and skin tumors, and female-specific tumors included lung tumors. For some tumor sites, these differences in gender susceptibility can be associated with literature data on sex hormone receptor expression. In conclusion, gender-specific tumors were common. The male dominance is in line with recent human data, and the male susceptibility to carcinogens should be further studied.
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Registered trials
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