ArticleNeurotoxicology2012
Assessing windows of susceptibility to lead-induced cognitive deficits in Mexican children.
Article in Neurotoxicology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association between Maternal Lead Exposure from Seafood Consumption and Neurodevelopment: A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025Pooled it
- Neurodevelopmental assessments used to measure preschoolers' cognitive development in Latin America: a systematic review.Journal of pediatric psychology · 2024Pooled it
- Heavy metals and neurodevelopment of children in low and middle-income countries: A systematic review.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Early life risk factors of motor, cognitive and language development: a pooled analysis of studies from low/middle-income countries.BMJ open · 2019Pooled it
- Rethinking Meta-Analysis: Applications for Air Pollution Data and Beyond.Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis · 2015Pooled it
- Trial
- Cumulative childhood lead exposure estimation and school-age IQ in a prospective birth cohort.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
- Essential and non-essential metals in children's intellectual functioning: A multi-media biomarker approach from a Mexico City birth cohort.Environmental research · 2025Article
- Synergistic self-learning approach to establishing individualized treatment rules from multiple benefit outcomes in a calcium supplementation trial.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C, Applied statistics · 2025Article
- SUPERVISED HOMOGENEITY FUSION: A COMBINATORIAL APPROACH.Annals of statistics · 2024Article
- Lead Exposure Can Affect Early Childhood Development and Could Be Aggravated by Stunted Growth: Perspectives from Mexico.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- The relationship between childhood blood lead levels below 5 µg/dL and childhood intelligence quotient (IQ): Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.Environment international · 2022Article
- Increasing Representation of Epidemiologists From Around the World in the Society for Epidemiologic Research: The Case of Mexico.American journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Early life multiple exposures and child cognitive function: A multi-centric birth cohort study in six European countries.Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2021Article
- Prenatal air pollution exposure and neurodevelopment: A review and blueprint for a harmonized approach within ECHO.Environmental research · 2021Review
- A framework for assessing the impact of chemical exposures on neurodevelopment in ECHO: Opportunities and challenges.Environmental research · 2020Review
- Using the delayed spatial alternation task to assess environmentally associated changes in working memory in very young children.Neurotoxicology · 2020Article
- Blood Lead Levels in Occupationally Exposed Workers Involved in Battery Factories of Delhi-NCR Region: Effect on Vitamin D and Calcium Metabolism.Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB · 2020Article
- Article
- Latent subgroups of cognitive performance in lead- and manganese-exposed Uruguayan children: Examining behavioral signatures.Neurotoxicology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe identification of susceptible periods to Pb-induced decrements in childhood cognitive abilities remains elusive.
objectiveTo draw inferences about windows of susceptibility using the pattern of associations between serial childhood blood lead (BPb) concentrations and children's cognitive abilities at 4 years of age among 1035 mother-child pairs enrolled in 4 prospective birth cohorts from Mexico City.
methodsMultiple longitudinally collected BPb measurements were obtained from children (1, 2, 3, and 4 years) between 1994 and 2007. Child cognitive abilities were assessed at 4 years using the general cognitive index (GCI) of the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities. We used multivariable linear regression to estimate the change in cognitive abilities at 4 years of age with a 10 μg/dL increase in childhood BPb concentrations adjusting for maternal IQ, education, marital status, child sex, breastfeeding duration, and cohort.
resultsIn separate models for each BPb measurement, 2 year BPb concentrations were most strongly associated with reduced GCI scores at 4 years after adjusting for confounders (β: -3.8; 95% confidence interval CI: -6.3, -1.4). Mutual adjustment for other BPb concentrations in a single model resulted in larger, but less precise estimate between 2 year BPb concentrations and GCI scores at 4 years of age (β: -7.1; 95% CI: -12, -2.0). The association between 2 year BPb and GCI was not heterogeneous (p=0.89), but some BPb and GCI associations varied in magnitude and direction across the cohorts. Additional adjustment for child hemoglobin, birth weight, gestational age, gestational BPb concentrations, or test examiner did not change the pattern of associations.
conclusionsHigher BPb concentrations at 2 years of age were most predictive of decreased cognitive abilities among these Mexico City children; however, the observed pattern may be due to exposure, outcome, or cohort related factors. These results may help developing countries more efficiently implement childhood Pb prevention strategies.
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