ArticleExperimental eye research2012
Analysis of spontaneous and nerve-evoked calcium transients in intact extraocular muscles in vitro.
Article in Experimental eye research, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanical Modulation, Physiological Roles, and Imaging Innovations of Intercellular Calcium Waves in Living Systems.Cancers · 2025Review
- Contractile Force of Human Extraocular Muscle: A Theoretical Analysis.Applied bionics and biomechanics · 2016Article
- Adaptability of the Immature Ocular Motor Control System: Unilateral IGF-1 Medial Rectus Treatment.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2015Article
- Adaptation of slow myofibers: the effect of sustained BDNF treatment of extraocular muscles in infant nonhuman primates.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2015Article
- Independent active contraction of extraocular muscle compartments.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2014Article
- Differential effects of phosphatase inhibitors on the calcium homeostasis and migration of HaCaT keratinocytes.PloS one · 2013Article
- Genome-Wide Association Study and Rare Variant Association Studies of Strabismus in theOphthalmology scienceArticle
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5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Extraocular muscles (EOMs) have unique calcium handling properties, yet little is known about the dynamics of calcium events underlying ultrafast and tonic contractions in myofibers of intact EOMs. Superior oblique EOMs of juvenile chickens were dissected with their nerve attached, maintained in oxygenated Krebs buffer, and loaded with fluo-4. Spontaneous and nerve stimulation-evoked calcium transients were recorded and, following calcium imaging, some EOMs were double-labeled with rhodamine-conjugated alpha-bungarotoxin (rhBTX) to identify EOM myofiber types. EOMs showed two main types of spontaneous calcium transients, one slow type (calcium waves with 1/2(max) duration of 2-12 s, velocity of 25-50 μm/s) and two fast "flash-like" types (Type 1, 30-90 ms; Type 2, 90-150 ms 1/2(max) duration). Single pulse nerve stimulation evoked fast calcium transients identical to the fast (Type 1) calcium transients. Calcium waves were accompanied by a local myofiber contraction that followed the calcium transient wavefront. The magnitude of calcium-wave induced myofiber contraction far exceeded those of movement induced by nerve stimulation and associated fast calcium transients. Tetrodotoxin eliminated nerve-evoked transients, but not spontaneous transients. Alpha-bungarotoxin eliminated both spontaneous and nerve-evoked fast calcium transients, but not calcium waves, and caffeine increased wave activity. Calcium waves were observed in myofibers lacking spontaneous or evoked fast transients, suggestive of multiply-innervated myofibers, and this was confirmed by double-labeling with rhBTX. We propose that the abundant spontaneous calcium transients and calcium waves with localized contractions that do not depend on innervation may contribute to intrinsic generation of tonic functions of EOMs.
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