ArticleAJNR. American journal of neuroradiology2012
Normal ossification patterns of atlas and axis: a CT study.
Article in AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cervical spine clearance in pediatric trauma patients - Consensus algorithm of the Pediatric Spinal Trauma Group of the Spine Section of the German Society for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery (DGOU).European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2026Article
- Imaging and histological study on the morphological development of the ossification center of the base of odontoid process in children.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- A review and commentary on congenital anomalies of the craniocervical junction.Pediatric radiology · 2026Review
- Cervical Myelopathy Caused by Ossification of the Posterior Atlantoaxial Membrane and Heterotopic Ossification between the Posterior Arches of the Atlas and Axis: A Case Report.Spine surgery and related research · 2026Article
- A Case of Atlanto-Axial Rotatory Fixation Requiring Internal Fixation.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2025Article
- Persistence of the midline septum of the odontoid process: anatomical and radiological study.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2025Article
- Congenital hypoplasia of the posterior arch of the atlas accompanied with cervical high-intensity intramedullary lesions: a case report.Journal of surgical case reports · 2025Article
- Anatomical variability, morphofunctional characteristics, and clinical relevance of accessory ossicles of the back: implications for spinal pathophysiology and differential diagnosis.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Review
- Digital anatomical features of morphological development in the atlantoaxial synchondroses in children aged 1 to 6 years old: a retrospective study of CT images.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2024Article
- Atlantooccipital assimilation associated with combined atlas arch defect: a radiological case report.Anatomy & cell biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Radiological Study of Atlas Arch Defects with Meta-Analysis and a Proposed New Classification.Asian spine journal · 2023Article
- Pediatric Spinal Cord Injury: A Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- A pictorial review of imaging findings associated with upper cervical trauma.Emergency radiology · 2023Review
- Skeletal and dental age estimation via postmortem computed tomography in Polish subadults group.International journal of legal medicine · 2023Article
- Sex-specific differences in ossification patterns of the atlas and axis: a computed tomography study.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2022Article
- Traumatic injury to the unfused anterior arch of C1 in the setting of bipartite atlas.Pediatric radiology · 2021Article
- "Split atlas" in a trauma and nontrauma patient: two different case reports for a rare congenital malformation.Radiology case reports · 2021Article
- Imaging of pediatric cervical spine trauma.Emergency radiology · 2021Review
- Pediatric dens anatomy and its implications for fracture treatment: an anatomical and radiological study.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2021Article
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2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
background and purposeDevelopment of the CVJ is a complex process rarely analyzed by CT. Cartilaginous remnants within the atlas and axis have been shown to variably persist throughout childhood and may be mistaken for fractures. The purpose of this study was to better estimate the fusion timeline of the synchondroses at the CVJ. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe retrospectively reviewed singular CT scans in 550 children without known skeletal dysplasia or maturation delay (from neonate to 17 years) and analyzed the ossification of atlas and axis. Normal closing age for synchondroses was defined as soon as a complete ossification rate of 80% or more per age category was achieved.
resultsNo separate OC was observed in 38 of 230 incompletely ossified AAAs, whereas single, bipartite, or multiple OCs were observed in, respectively, 196, 86, and 16 of 298 AAAs in which OCs could be identified. Synchondroses at the AAA closed after 12 years (range 4.5-17 years). Posterior midline synchondrosis of the atlas closed after 4 years (range 2-13 years). The axis ossified from 6 OCs and 4 synchondroses. Subdental and neurocentral synchondroses closed simultaneously after 9 years (range 7-9.5 years). Apicodental synchondrosis and chondrum terminale were completely ossified after 10.5 years (range 5.5-13.5 years).
conclusionsAnalysis of the CVJ using triplanar CT reconstructions allows secure identification of characteristic developmental features of the atlas and axis, and helps to separate normal variants from true osseous lesions.
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