ArticleAssay and drug development technologies2012
The XTT cell proliferation assay applied to cell layers embedded in three-dimensional matrix.
Article in Assay and drug development technologies, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Evaluation of the anticancer effects of ellagic acid and cisplatin in cisplatin-sensitive and -resistant MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Octenidine Dihydrochloride-Induced Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis, and Inflammatory Responses in Human Ocular Epithelial and Retinal Cells.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Effect of Tobramycin on the Biofilm-Forming Forms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates Isolated from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2025Article
- Effects of 27.12 MHz short-waves on fibroblast cell culture and K-562 and ML-1 neoplastic cell lines.Turkish journal of physical medicine and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- An Overview of the Current State of Cell Viability Assessment Methods Using OECD Classification.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Polymeric nanoparticles loaded with vincristine and carbon dots for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy and imaging.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Photo-Cross-linked Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogels Enable the Growth of Primary Human Endometrial Stromal Cells and Epithelial Gland Organoids.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2024Article
- Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Ovarian Cancer Cell Proliferation via Cytokine Interactions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Spheroids Generated from Malignant Pleural Effusion as a Tool to Predict the Response of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer to Treatment.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Unlocking the Promise of Decellularized Pancreatic Tissue: A Novel Approach to Support Angiogenesis in Engineered Tissue.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Long-Term Survival of Cellulose Sulphate-Encapsulated Cells and Metronomic Ifosfamide Control Tumour Growth in Pancreatic Cancer Models-A Prelude to Treating Solid Tumours Effectively in Pets and Humans.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Testing a Method for Evaluation of the Viability of Biofilm-Forming Bacteria after Exposure to Disinfectants.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2023Article
- The Cytotoxic Effect of Thermoplastic Denture Base Resins: A Systematic Review.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2023Review
- Integrin α2β1 plays an important role in the interaction between human articular cartilage-derived chondrocytes and atelocollagen gel.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- In Silico design of AVP (4-5) peptide and synthesis, characterization and in vitro activity of chitosan nanoparticles.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2020Article
- Challenges and Opportunities in Preclinical Research of Synthetic Cannabinoids for Pain Therapy.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2020Review
- Cell-Type-Specific Quantification of a Scaffold-Based 3D Liver Co-Culture.Methods and protocols · 2019Article
- Characterization of Melanoma Cell Lines Resistant to Vemurafenib and Evaluation of Their Responsiveness to EGFR- and MET-Inhibitor Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Predicting Angiogenesis by Endothelial Progenitor Cells Relying on In-Vitro Function Assays and VEGFR-2 Expression Levels.Biomolecules · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cell proliferation, a main target in cancer therapy, is influenced by the surrounding three-dimensional (3D) extracellular matrix (ECM). In vitro drug screening is, thus, optimally performed under conditions in which cells are grown (embedded or trapped) in dense 3D matrices, as these most closely mimic the adhesive and mechanical properties of natural ECM. Measuring cell proliferation under these conditions is, however, technically more challenging compared with two-dimensional (2D) culture and other "3D culture conditions," such as growth on top of a matrix (pseudo-3D) or in spongy scaffolds with large pore sizes. Consequently, such measurements are only slowly applied on a wider scale. To advance this, we report on the equal quality (dynamic range, background, linearity) of measuring the proliferation of cell layers embedded in dense 3D matrices (collagen, Matrigel) compared with cells in 2D culture using the easy (one-step) and in 2D well-validated, 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT)-assay. The comparison stresses the differences in proliferation kinetics and drug sensitivity of matrix-embedded cells versus 2D culture. Using the specific cell-layer-embedded 3D matrix setup, quantitative measurements of cell proliferation and cell invasion are shown to be possible in similar assay conditions, and cytostatic, cytotoxic, and anti-invasive drug effects can thus be reliably determined and compared in physiologically relevant settings. This approach in the 3D matrix holds promise for improving early-stage, high-throughput drug screening, targeting either highly invasive or highly proliferative subpopulations of cancers or both.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.