ArticleAmerican journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics2012
Depression and anxiety symptoms among women who carry the FMR1 premutation: impact of raising a child with fragile X syndrome is moderated by CRHR1 polymorphisms.
Article in American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- FMR1 genotype interacts with parenting stress to shape health and functional abilities in older age.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2017Trial
- Depression Symptom Trajectories in Mothers With the FMR1 Premutation Vary by CGG Repeat Length: A Longitudinal Study of 73 Women Spanning 20-75 Years of Age.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2025Article
- Premutation Females with preFXTAS.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Review
- FMR1 CGG Repeats and Stress Influence Self-Reported Cognitive Functioning in Mothers.American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities · 2023Article
- Maternal well-being and family adaptation during COVID-19 in fragile X syndrome.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Stress and genetics influence hair cortisol in FMR1 premutation carrier mothers of children with fragile X syndrome.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2021Article
- IsFrontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Maternal Mental Health and Parenting Stress and Their Relationships to Characteristics of the Child With Fragile X Syndrome.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Health knowledge of women with a fragile X premutation: Improving understanding with targeted educational material.Journal of genetic counseling · 2020Article
- Article
- The effects of optimism, religion, and hope on mood and anxiety disorders in women with the FMR1 premutation.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2017Article
- Reduced vagal tone in women with theJournal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2017Article
- Psychiatric disorders among women with the fragile X premutation without children affected by fragile X syndrome.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2016Article
- Trajectory and Predictors of Depression and Anxiety Disorders in Mothers With the FMR1 Premutation.Biological psychiatry · 2016Article
- Improving Health Education for Women Who Carry an FMR1 Premutation.Journal of genetic counseling · 2016Article
- Psychosis and catatonia in fragile X: Case report and literature review.Intractable & rare diseases research · 2015Article
- Associated features in females with an FMR1 premutation.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2014Review
- Health and reproductive experiences of women with an FMR1 premutation with and without fragile X premature ovarian insufficiency.Frontiers in genetics · 2014Article
- The cognitive neuropsychological phenotype of carriers of the FMR1 premutation.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2014Review
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The fragile X mental retardation gene, FMR1, contains a polymorphic CGG repeat in the 5'-untranslated region of exon 1. Once unstable, this repeat is capable of expansion across generations. Women who carry a premutation allele (55-199 repeats) are at risk of passing on a full mutation allele (>200 repeats) to their offspring. A full mutation leads to the most common form of inherited intellectual disability, fragile X syndrome (FXS). Mounting evidence suggests that premutation carriers may be vulnerable to symptoms of anxiety and depression. The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that among women who carry a premutation, the stress of raising a child with FXS would be moderated by genetic factors influencing endogenous cortisol responses, which could in turn modulate anxiety and depression symptoms. To this end, we genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the corticotrophin releasing hormone receptor 1 locus (CRHR1) in 460 women. Participants completed self-report questionnaires assessing symptoms of depression [Centers for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD)], anxiety [State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory (SPAI)], and mood [Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)]. Results indicate a statistically significant interaction between CRHR1 genotype and the status of raising a child with FXS to predict social anxiety symptoms reported on the SPAI (rs7209436, P = 0.0001). Our data suggest that genetic variants in CRHR1 that associate with differential cortisol activation may also modulate levels of anxiety related to the stress of raising a child with FXS among women who carry an FMR1 premutation.
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