ArticleRetrovirology2012
Limited SHIV env diversification in macaques failing oral antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis.
Article in Retrovirology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV-1 genetic diversity to estimate time of infection and infer adherence to preexposure prophylaxis.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Trial
- Brief Report: HIV-1 Evolution in Breakthrough Infections in a Human Trial of Oral Pre-exposure Prophylaxis With Emtricitabine and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Trial
- HIV disease progression in seroconvertors from the CAPRISA 004 tenofovir gel pre-exposure prophylaxis trial.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2015Trial
- HIV-phyloTSI: subtype-independent estimation of time since HIV-1 infection for cross-sectional measures of population incidence using deep sequence data.BMC bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Drug resistance emergence in macaques administered cabotegravir long-acting for pre-exposure prophylaxis during acute SHIV infection.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Article
- Lack of prophylactic efficacy of oral maraviroc in macaques despite high drug concentrations in rectal tissues.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- Animal models for microbicide safety and efficacy testing.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2013Review
- Using nonhuman primates to model HIV transmission.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2013Review
- Reduced inflammation and CD4 loss in acute SHIV infection during oral pre-exposure prophylaxis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with daily Truvada [a combination of emtricitabine (FTC) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)] is a novel HIV prevention strategy recently found to prevent HIV transmission among men who have sex with men and heterosexual couples. Acute infection in adherent persons who fail PrEP will inevitably occur under concurrent antiretroviral therapy, thus raising questions regarding the potential impact of PrEP on early viral dynamics. We investigated viral evolution dynamics in a macaque model of PrEP consisting of repeated rectal exposures to SHIV162P3 in the presence of PrEP.
resultsFour macaques were infected during daily or intermittent PrEP with FTC or FTC/TDF, and five were untreated controls. SHIV env sequence evolution was monitored by single genome amplification with phylogenetic and sequence analysis. Mean nucleotide divergence from transmitted founder viruses calculated 17 weeks (range = 12-20) post peak viremia was significantly lower in PrEP failures than in control animals (7.2 × 10-3 compared to 1.6 × 10-2 nucleotide substitutions per site per year, respectively, p < 0.0001). Mean virus diversity was also lower in PrEP failures after 17 weeks (0.13% vs. 0.53% in controls, p < 0.0001).
conclusionsOur results in a macaque model of acute HIV infection suggest that infection during PrEP limits early virus evolution likely because of a direct antiviral effect of PrEP and/or reduced target cell availability. Reduced virus diversification during early infection might enhance immune control by slowing the selection of escape mutants.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.