ArticleGut and liver2012
Epidemiology of gallbladder disease: cholelithiasis and cancer.
Article in Gut and liver, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 557 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Risk Factors of Symptomatic Gallbladder Stone: Age-Sex Matched Case-control Study Performed in Single Institute
Should Surgical Experience Change Our Treatment Strategy on Acute Cholecystitis? Early Versus Delayed Cholecystectomy
Comparative study between palonosetron and fosaprepitant in the profilaxia of postoperative nausea and vomiting in women submitted to videolaparoscopic colecistectomies
Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases (NAFLD) Among Gallstone and Cholecystectomy Patients and the Impact of a Novel Diet and Muscle Training Program
Who cites it
557 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,319 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Adiposity and cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis.Nature metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Postnatal Outcome After Ultrasound Findings of an Abnormal Fetal Gallbladder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Prenatal diagnosis · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence of gallstone disease in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2025Pooled it
- Risk Factors for Gallstones in Crohn's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Comparing robotic and open surgical techniques in gallbladder cancer management: a detailed systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of robotic surgery · 2024Pooled it
- Subtotal vs total cholecystectomy for difficult gallbladders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.American journal of surgery · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Cholecystectomy with the Hugo™ robotic-assisted surgery system: the first general surgery clinical study in Korea.Surgical endoscopy · 2025Trial
- Gallstone Dissolution Effects of Combination Therapy with n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Ursodeoxycholic Acid: A Randomized, Prospective, Preliminary Clinical Trial.Gut and liver · 2024Trial
- Minimally Invasive Common Bile Duct Stone Management in Gastric Bypass Patients: Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration with Disposable Bronchoscope.Obesity surgery · 2024Trial
- The Circulating Cholangiocarcinoma Protein Biomarkers CRP and MASP2 Also Predict Gallbladder Cancer Risk.International journal of cancer · 2026Article
- United States benign gallbladder disease mortality, 1999-2024: rising cholecystitis and persistent demographic and geographic disparities.Surgical endoscopy · 2026Article
- Comparison of Preoperative and Postoperative Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Vitamin K-Dependent Blood Coagulation Factor Profiles in Patients Undergoing Cholecystectomy.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Article
- Slice-Level Deep Learning Classification of Acute Cholecystitis on Contrast-Enhanced CT: A Single-Center Benchmark of Six CNN Architectures.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Social health organizations and their role in the diffusion of minimally invasive surgery in Brazil.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Gallstone disease: on whom we should operate and on whom we do operate-an Italian snapshot.Updates in surgery · 2026Article
- Orlistat-Associated Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic, and Anorectal Safety Signals: A FAERS Disproportionality and Regulatory Label Concordance Study.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Analysis on clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of adenoma-associated gallbladder carcinoma.Updates in surgery · 2026Article
- Comparative evaluation of ultrasound and computed tomography in the detection of imaging findings and complications of acute cholecystitis: a retrospective cohort study.Emergency radiology · 2026Article
497 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Diseases of the gallbladder are common and costly. The best epidemiological screening method to accurately determine point prevalence of gallstone disease is ultrasonography. Many risk factors for cholesterol gallstone formation are not modifiable such as ethnic background, increasing age, female gender and family history or genetics. Conversely, the modifiable risks for cholesterol gallstones are obesity, rapid weight loss and a sedentary lifestyle. The rising epidemic of obesity and the metabolic syndrome predicts an escalation of cholesterol gallstone frequency. Risk factors for biliary sludge include pregnancy, drugs like ceftiaxone, octreotide and thiazide diuretics, and total parenteral nutrition or fasting. Diseases like cirrhosis, chronic hemolysis and ileal Crohn's disease are risk factors for black pigment stones. Gallstone disease in childhood, once considered rare, has become increasingly recognized with similar risk factors as those in adults, particularly obesity. Gallbladder cancer is uncommon in developed countries. In the U.S., it accounts for only ~ 5,000 cases per year. Elsewhere, high incidence rates occur in North and South American Indians. Other than ethnicity and female gender, additional risk factors for gallbladder cancer include cholelithiasis, advancing age, chronic inflammatory conditions affecting the gallbladder, congenital biliary abnormalities, and diagnostic confusion over gallbladder polyps.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.