ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2012
Association between benign thyroid and endocrine disorders and subsequent risk of thyroid cancer among 4.5 million U.S. male veterans.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- The risk of thyroid cancer and sex differences in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, a meta-analysis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2024Pooled it
- Causal associations of thyroid function and dysfunction with overall, breast and thyroid cancer: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.International journal of cancer · 2020Pooled it
- Association of benign thyroid diseases with thyroid cancer risk: a meta-analysis of prospective observational studies.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2019Pooled it
- A meta-analysis of alcohol consumption and thyroid cancer risk.Oncotarget · 2016Pooled it
- The necessity of prophylactic central lymph node dissection in clinically n0 papillary thyroid carcinoma: perspective from the endemic region.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2025Observational
- Prevalence of Thyroid Nodules in Residents of Ukraine Exposed as Children or Adolescents to Iodine-131 from the Chornobyl Accident.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2024Article
- Causal relationship between thyroid dysfunction and ovarian cancer: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- The Influence of Tumor-Specific Markers in Breast Cancer on Other Blood Parameters.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Risk of Thyroid Cancer in People With Type 1 Diabetes by Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases and Tumor Histology.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2024Article
- Application of Mendelian randomization in thyroid diseases: a review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Maternal Health, Pregnancy and Offspring Factors, and Maternal Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Nordic Population-Based Registry Study.American journal of epidemiology · 2023Article
- Cancer and Mortality Risks of Graves' Disease in South Korea Based on National Data from 2010 to 2019.Clinical epidemiology · 2023Article
- Mediterranean Diet and Thyroid: An Interesting Alliance.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Thyroid Cancer and Pesticide Use in a Central California Agricultural Area: A Case Control Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Article
- Epidemiology of Thyroid Cancer.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2022Article
- Spatial distribution and determinants of thyroid cancer incidence from 1999 to 2013 in Korea.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Screening Leads to Overestimated Associations of Thyroid Dysfunction and Thyroiditis with Thyroid Cancer Risk.Cancers · 2021Article
- Circulating interleukins in relation to coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke and its subtypes: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.International journal of cardiology · 2020Article
- Geographic influences in the global rise of thyroid cancer.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2020Review
- Benign Thyroid Diseases and Risk of Thyroid Cancer: A Nationwide Cohort Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextRisk factors for thyroid cancer (TC) in males are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES, SETTING, AND
participantsOur aim was to evaluate the relationship between history of benign thyroid and endocrine disorders and risk of TC among 4.5 million male veterans admitted to U.S. Veterans Affairs hospitals between July 1, 1969, and September 30, 1996.
designWe conducted a retrospective cohort study based on hospital discharge records with 1053 cases of TC.
main outcome measuresWe estimated relative risks (RR) and computed 95% confidence intervals (CI) for TC using time-dependent Poisson regression models. To evaluate potential ascertainment bias and/or delayed diagnosis of TC, we also analyzed RR by time between diagnosis of benign disorder and TC (<5 or ≥ 5 yr).
resultsRR for TC were significantly elevated with many disorders and were often higher less than 5 yr compared with 5 yr or more before TC diagnosis. RR (95% CI) less than 5 yr/at least 5 yr were 67.9 (42.4-108.8)/28.9 (9.2-90.2) for thyroid adenoma, 77.8 (64.5-93.1)/25.9 (17.9-38.0) for nontoxic nodular goiter, 23.9 (13.8-41.3)/12.9 (4.8-34.4) for thyroiditis, 8.8 (6.9-11.3)/6.0 (3.8-9.6) for hypothyroidism, 6.4 (4.4-9.4)/ 2.0 (0.8-4.8) for thyrotoxicosis, and 1.2 (1.0-1.4)/1.1 (0.9-1.5) for diabetes. For some disorders, RR also significantly varied by attained age and race with younger patients and Blacks having higher RR than older patients and Whites.
conclusionsWe found strong associations for a history of thyroid adenoma, nodular goiter, thyroiditis, or hypothyroidism with TC in males allowing for increased surveillance/delayed diagnosis and evidence that some of these associations are modified by age and race.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.