ReviewHormones and behavior2013
Sex, stroke, and inflammation: the potential for estrogen-mediated immunoprotection in stroke.
Review in Hormones and behavior, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Photothrombotic and middle cerebral artery occlusion models produce distinct neurovascular injury and sex-dependent outcomes.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammation strokes the brain: A double-edged sword in ischemic stroke.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Interferon-γ-Responsive Microglia-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Inhibited Neurogenesis After Stroke via MicroRNA-199a-5p/Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Impact of Diabetes on Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Function, and Neurological Outcomes Following Ischemic Stroke: A Sex-Based Experimental Analysis.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Association of serum uric acid-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with obstructive sleep apnea: a cross-sectional study.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Sex-Based Differences in Thrombus Composition in Acute Ischemic Stroke.Stroke (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Impact of low-grade inflammation on neurological outcomes in patients with acute pontine infarction: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Recent Advances in the miRNA-Mediated Regulation of Neuronal Differentiation and Death.Neuromolecular medicine · 2024Review
- Gut-Brain Axis: Focus on Sex Differences in Neuroinflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- J-shaped associations of pan-immune-inflammation value and systemic inflammation response index with stroke among American adults with hypertension: evidence from NHANES 1999-2020.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Article
- Immune regulation based on sex differences in ischemic stroke pathology.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Ki20227 aggravates apoptosis, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress after focal cerebral ischemia injury.Neural regeneration research · 2022Article
- Exogenous inter-α inhibitor proteins prevent cell death and improve ischemic stroke outcomes in mice.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Article
- The Impact of Sex on Arterial Ischemic Stroke in Young Patients: From Stroke Occurrence to Poststroke Consequences.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Can quantifying morphology and TMEM119 expression distinguish between microglia and infiltrating macrophages after ischemic stroke and reperfusion in male and female mice?Journal of neuroinflammation · 2021Article
- Reproduction-Associated Hormones and Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis.Neural plasticity · 2021Review
- Does the Occurrence of Particular Symptoms and Outcomes of Arterial Ischemic Stroke Depend on Sex in Pediatric Patients?-A Pilot Study.Brain sciences · 2020Article
- Temporal, geographical and demographic trends of stroke prevalence in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of translational medicine · 2020Article
- A Novel Prodrug Approach for Central Nervous System-Selective Estrogen Therapy.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Stroke is the third leading cause of death and the primary cause of disability in the developed world. Experimental and clinical data indicate that stroke is a sexually dimorphic disease, with males demonstrating an enhanced intrinsic sensitivity to ischemic damage throughout most of their lifespan. The neuroprotective role of estrogen in the female brain is well established, however, estrogen exposure can also be deleterious, especially in older women. The mechanisms for this remain unclear. Our current understanding is based on studies examining estrogen as it relates to neuronal injury, yet cerebral ischemia also induces a robust sterile inflammatory response involving local and systemic immune cells. Despite the potent anti-inflammatory effects of estrogen, few studies have investigated the contribution of estrogen to sex differences in the inflammatory response to stroke. This review examines the potential role for estrogen-mediated immunoprotection in ischemic injury.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.