ArticlePloS one2012
Uterine epithelial cells specifically induce interferon-stimulated genes in response to polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid independently of estradiol.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Changes in genital tract immune cell populations after initiation of intrauterine contraception.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2014Trial
- Beyond the Barrier: Epithelial Cells as Immune Sentinels in the Female Genital Tract.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Decidualization dampens toll-like receptor mediated inflammatory responses in human endometrial stromal cells by upregulating IκBα.Journal of reproductive immunology · 2023Article
- Interferon Signaling in the Endometrium and in Endometriosis.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Do endometrial immune changes with age prior to menopause compromise fertility in women?Exploration of immunology · 2022Article
- Medroxyprogesterone acetate inhibits wound closure of human endometrial epithelial cells and stromal fibroblasts in vitro.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- The impact of aging on innate and adaptive immunity in the human female genital tract.Aging cell · 2021Review
- HIV Pathogenesis in the Human Female Reproductive Tract.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2021Review
- Sex Hormones and Aging Modulate Interferon Lambda 1 Production and Signaling by Human Uterine Epithelial Cells and Fibroblasts.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Sex hormones alter the response of Toll-like receptor 3 to its specific ligand in fallopian tube epithelial cells.Clinical and experimental reproductive medicine · 2018Article
- Estradiol-regulated innate antiviral responses of human endometrial stromal fibroblasts.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2018Article
- The role of sex hormones in immune protection of the female reproductive tract.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2015Review
- The role of sex hormones and the tissue environment in immune protection against HIV in the female reproductive tract.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2014Review
- Human decidual macrophages and NK cells differentially express Toll-like receptors and display distinct cytokine profiles upon TLR stimulation.Frontiers in microbiology · 2014Article
- Interferon-ε protects the female reproductive tract from viral and bacterial infection.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2013Article
- Estradiol regulation of nucleotidases in female reproductive tract epithelial cells and fibroblasts.PloS one · 2013Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Interferon β (IFNβ) is an antiviral cytokine secreted in response to pathogenic exposure that creates a restrictive intracellular environment through the action of downstream interferon-stimulated genes (ISG). The objective of this study was to examine the expression of IFNβ and ISG in both human uterine epithelial cells (UEC) and the ECC-1 uterine epithelial cell line and determine if expression changes with TLR stimulation and hormone exposure. Stimulation of primary uterine epithelial cells and ECC-1 cells with the TLR3 agonist poly (I:C) induced the mRNA expression of IFNβ, MxA, OAS2 and PKR. Other TLR agonists including imiquimod and CpG had no effect on either IFNβ or ISG expression. In contrast to ECC-1 cell responses which were slower, maximal IFNβ upregulation in UEC occurred 3 hours post-stimulation and preceded the ISG response which peaked approximately 12 hours after poly (I:C) exposure. Unexpectedly, estradiol, either alone or prior to treatment with poly (I:C), had no effect on IFNβ or ISG expression. Blockade of the IFN receptor abrogated the upregulation of MxA, OAS2 and PKR. Furthermore, neutralizing antibodies against IFNβ partially inhibited the upregulation of all three ISG. Estradiol, directly and in the presence of poly (I:C) had no effect on IFNβ and ISG expression. These results indicate that uterine epithelial cells are important sentinels of the innate immune system and demonstrate that uterine epithelial cells are capable of mounting a rapid IFN-mediated antiviral response that is independent of estradiol and is therefore potentially sustained throughout the menstrual cycle to aid in the defense of the uterus against potential pathogens.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.