ArticleInternational journal of ophthalmology2012
Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on apoptosis and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in ocular surface epithelial cells: An experimental study.
Article in International journal of ophthalmology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Focus on sex hormone axis disorder: exploring the susceptibility mechanism of dry eye in perimenopausal women.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Immuno-inflammatory axis of menopausal dry eye: from hormonal fluctuations to ocular surface dysregulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Breast cancer-related endocrine therapy on ocular surface microbiota: mechanism and clinical significance.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- The Possible Protective Effect of Boric Acid in an Alkaline-Induced Corneal Neovascularization Rat Model.Biological trace element research · 2022Article
- Recent Developments About the Pathogenesis of Dry Eye Disease: Based on Immune Inflammatory Mechanisms.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Activities of autonomic neurotransmitters in Meibomian gland tissues are associated with menopausal dry eye.Neural regeneration research · 2012Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo investigate the effects of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) on apoptosis and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in ocular surface in an experimental rat model.
methodsForty female, Wistar rats were randomized in 4 groups in the study. Subcutaneous ERT (17β-estradiol, 10µg/kg/day) was administered to the first group without ovariectomy and to the second group with ovariectomy for three months. Third group had only ovariectomy and fourth group had sham operation. All rats were sacrificed in estrous cycles determined by vaginal smear test and their right eyes were enucleated at the end of the third month. Enucleated eyes were analyzed by immunohistochemical method for expressions of caspase-3, bcl-2, VEGF and TUNEL assay.
resultsCaspase-3 expression of conjunctival epithelium was significantly higher in group 3 than group 1 (P=0.005), and group 2 (P=0.007). TUNEL score of conjunctival epithelium was significantly higher in group 3 than group1 (P=0.006). TUNEL score of corneal epithelium was significantly higher in group 3 than group 2 (P=0.012), and group 4 (P=0.002). There was no significant difference between groups in that bcl-2 and VEGF expressions.
conclusionWe determined increased apoptosis in ocular surface epithelial cells in ovariectomized rats. ERT and endogen estrogen decreased the apoptosis, and did not result in difference in VEGF expression between the groups. Estrogen may be beneficial for the treatment of apoptosis-mediated ocular surface disorders such as dry eye. Further studies are needed on this subject for a better understanding of the role of estrogen and to provide a new insight for treatment and prevention of apoptosis-mediated ocular surface disorders.
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