ReviewMetabolic brain disease2012
Pathology supported genetic testing and treatment of cardiovascular disease in middle age for prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
Review in Metabolic brain disease, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Graft vessel disease following heart transplantation: a systematic review of the role of statin therapy.World journal of surgery · 2014Pooled it
- Incorporating familial risk, lifestyle factors, and pharmacogenomic insights into personalized noncommunicable disease (NCD) reports for healthcare funder beneficiaries participating in the Open Genome Project.Annals of human genetics · 2025Article
- Plasma Proteomic Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease and Cardiovascular Disease: A Longitudinal Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Associations of ARHGAP26 Polymorphisms with Alzheimer's Disease and Cardiovascular Disease.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2022Article
- Article
- Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Disease and Cognitive Impairment: Another Health Disparity for Women?Journal of the American Heart Association · 2019Review
- Apolipoprotein E genotyping and questionnaire-based assessment of lifestyle risk factors in dyslipidemic patients with a family history of Alzheimer's disease: test development for clinical application.Metabolic brain disease · 2016Article
- Apolipoprotein E ε-4 as a genetic determinant of Alzheimer's disease heterogeneity.Degenerative neurological and neuromuscular disease · 2015Review
- Significance of dietary folate intake, homocysteine levels and MTHFR 677 C>T genotyping in South African patients diagnosed with depression: test development for clinical application.Metabolic brain disease · 2014Article
- Using the zebrafish model for Alzheimer's disease research.Frontiers in genetics · 2014Review
- Hypertension, brain damage and cognitive decline.Current hypertension reports · 2013Review
- CYP2D6 genotyping and use of antidepressants in breast cancer patients: test development for clinical application.Metabolic brain disease · 2012Article
- Cardiovascular risk factors promote brain hypoperfusion leading to cognitive decline and dementia.Cardiovascular psychiatry and neurology · 2012Article
- Familial hypercholesterolaemia workshop for leveraging point-of-care testing and personalised medicine in association with the Lipid and Atherosclerosis Society of Southern Africa.Cardiovascular journal of AfricaArticle
- Validity and reliability of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Australian National University - Alzheimer's Disease Risk Index (ANU-ADRI).Dementia & neuropsychologiaArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic, multi-factorial conditions caused by a complex interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors frequently share common disease mechanisms, as evidenced by an overlap between genetic risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in several genes including ApoE, MTHFR, HFE and FTO are known to increase the risk of both conditions. The E4 allele of the ApoE polymorphism is the most extensively studied risk factor for AD and increases the risk of coronary heart disease by approximately 40%. It furthermore displays differential therapeutic responses with use of cholesterol-lowering statins and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, which may also be due to variation in the CYP2D6 gene in some patients. Disease expression may be triggered by gene-environment interaction causing conversion of minor metabolic abnormalities into major brain disease due to cumulative risk. A growing body of evidence supports the assessment and treatment of CVD risk factors in midlife as a preventable cause of cognitive decline, morbidity and mortality in old age. In this review, the concept of pathology supported genetic testing (PSGT) for CVD is described in this context. PSGT combines DNA testing with biochemical measurements to determine gene expression and to monitor response to treatment. The aim is to diagnose treatable disease subtypes of complex disorders, facilitate prevention of cumulative risk and formulate intervention strategies guided from the genetic background. CVD provides a model to address the lifestyle link in most chronic diseases with a genetic component. Similar preventative measures would apply for optimisation of heart and brain health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.