Trial reportThe American journal of clinical nutrition2012
Limiting variety in non-nutrient-dense, energy-dense foods during a lifestyle intervention: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01096719 (The Effect of Diets Targeting Energy Density and Energy Restriction on Weight Loss and Feelings of Deprivation, Satisfaction, and Hunger During Behavioral Weight Loss Treatment.), which is not on this map. Cited by 31 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Diets Targeting Energy Density and Energy Restriction on Weight Loss and Feelings of Deprivation, Satisfaction, and Hunger During Behavioral Weight Loss Treatment.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic mapping review of individual participant factors related to eating disorder risk collected in behavioural weight management trials.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of food variety on intake of a meal: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- Altering the availability or proximity of food, alcohol, and tobacco products to change their selection and consumption.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Altering the availability or proximity of food, alcohol, and tobacco products to change their selection and consumption.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Determinants of weight loss maintenance: a systematic review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2019Pooled it
- Interventions for improving nutrition and physical activity behaviors in adult African American populations: a systematic review, January 2000 through December 2011.Preventing chronic disease · 2013Pooled it
- Examining the pattern of new foods and beverages consumed during obesity treatment to inform strategies for self-monitoring intake.Appetite · 2019Trial
- Increasing low-energy-dense foods and decreasing high-energy-dense foods differently influence weight loss trial outcomes.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2018Trial
- Frequency of Consuming Foods Predicts Changes in Cravings for Those Foods During Weight Loss: The POUNDS Lost Study.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2017Trial
- Reducing variety enhances effectiveness of family-based treatment for pediatric obesity.Eating behaviors · 2015Trial
- Trial
- Daily self-weighing within a lifestyle intervention: impact on disordered eating symptoms.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2014Trial
- Baseline dietary patterns are a significant consideration in correcting dietary exposure for weight loss.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2013Trial
- Optimizing an extended care intervention to promote weight loss maintenance: Protocol for the OPT-X multiphase optimization strategy factorial trial.Contemporary clinical trials · 2026Article
- Rationale and protocol for time-based energy intake goals within an obesity care lifestyle intervention: Daily eating patterns for total health study.Contemporary clinical trials · 2026Article
- Unpacking weight management interventions measuring eating disorder risk in adults: coding of components of interventions in a systematic review.Journal of eating disorders · 2026Review
- Savoring Satiety: An Exploratory Analysis of the Neural Correlates of Sensory-Specific Satiety.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Dietary intake during a pragmatic cluster-randomized weight loss trial in an underserved population in primary care.Nutrition journal · 2023Article
- The carbohydrate-insulin model: a physiological perspective on the obesity pandemic.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Article
- Rationale and protocol for translating basic habituation research into family-based childhood obesity treatment: Families becoming healthy together study.Contemporary clinical trials · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDietary variety is a factor that influences consumption but has received little attention in obesity treatment.
objectiveThis study examined the effect of limiting the variety of different non-nutrient-dense, energy-dense foods (NND-EDFs) (i.e., chips, ice cream, cookies) on dietary intake and weight loss during an 18-mo lifestyle intervention.
designTwo hundred two adults aged 51.3 ± 9.5 y with a BMI (in kg/m2) of 34.9 ± 4.3 (57.8% women, 92.2% white) were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 interventions: Lifestyle (1200-1500 kcal/d, ≤30% of energy as fat; n = 101) or Lifestyle + limited variety (LV) (limit variety of NND-EDFs, i.e., 2 choices; n = 101). Both interventions involved 48 group sessions. Dietary intake, NND-EDF hedonics, NND-EDF variety in the home, and weight were assessed at 0, 6, 12, and 18 mo.
resultsIntent-to-treat analyses showed that the Lifestyle+LV group consumed less variety (P < 0.01) and energy daily (P < 0.05) from NND-EDFs than did the Lifestyle group at 6, 12, and 18 mo. The Lifestyle+LV group consumed less total energy daily (P < 0.05) at 6 mo than did the Lifestyle group. The Lifestyle+LV group reported less (P < 0.05) NND-EDF variety in the home at 6 and 18 mo than did the Lifestyle group. The hedonics of one chosen NND-EDF decreased more (P < 0.05) in the Lifestyle+LV group. Despite these effects, no difference in percentage weight loss occurred at 18 mo (Lifestyle+LV: -9.9 ± 7.6%; Lifestyle: -9.6 ± 9.2%).
conclusionsLimitations in dietary variety decreased intakes in the targeted area but did not affect weight loss. Limiting variety in more areas may be needed to improve weight loss and weight-loss maintenance. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01096719.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.