ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2012
Central nervous system viral invasion and inflammation during acute HIV infection.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 358 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
358 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 523 citations in OpenAlex.
- Central nervous system symptoms in mpox patients without HIV co-infection: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Monocytes as a convergent nanoparticle therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Serum and CSF biomarkers in asymptomatic patients during primary HIV infection: a randomized study.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2024Trial
- Resting-state neural signatures of depressive symptoms in acute HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2020Trial
- Brain viral reservoir seeding and neurological metabolic dysregulation in early-life immunodeficiency virus infection.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Central Nervous System Reservoirs and HIV Cure: Therapeutic Opportunities and Challenges.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2026Review
- HIV-1 compartmentalization in the central nervous system during cryptococcal meningitis: Analysis of viral, fungal, and host factors.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Expansion of pathogens and restoration of human skin microbiome in CD4 T-cell lymphopenia.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2026Article
- Guideline of the German Society of Neurology (DGN): "diagnosis and therapy of HIV-1-associated neurological disorders".Neurological research and practice · 2026Review
- Central nervous system B cell multiomics reveals a legacy of immune dysregulation in long-term treated HIV infection.Science advances · 2026Article
- Metagenomic next-generation sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid reveals pathogen spectrum and mortality predictors among patients with advanced HIV-1 disease at a tertiary hospital in China.Virology journal · 2026Article
- HIV-1 Tat-driven Glutamate Dysregulation: Implications for Cognitive Impairment in HAND.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2026Review
- Central Nervous System HIV Persistence and Clinical Consequences During Suppressive ART.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2026Review
- Cerebrospinal fluid proteomics reveals inflammatory activation in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage irrespective of HIV status.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Observational
- HIV transgenic mouse monocytes display increasedJournal of virology · 2026Article
- Review
- Neuroaxonal Injury in Acute HIV Infection and Following Immediate Antiretroviral Therapy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- α4 Integrin blockade impairs CD8+ T cell neuroimmune surveillance following SIV infection.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- HIV Reservoirs Across Multiple Tissues: From Heterogeneous Mechanisms to Therapeutic Targeting.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- HIV Infection, Neurotoxicity, Inflammation, Premature Aging, and Therapeutic Challenges to PLWH: An Overview.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
298 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundUnderstanding the earliest central nervous system (CNS) events during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is crucial to knowledge of neuropathogenesis, but these have not previously been described in humans.
methodsTwenty individuals who had acute HIV infection (Fiebig stages I-IV), with average 15 days after exposure, underwent clinical neurological, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), magnetic resonance imaging, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) characterization.
resultsHIV RNA was detected in the CSF from 15 of 18 subjects as early as 8 days after estimated HIV transmission. Undetectable CSF levels of HIV (in 3 of 18) was noted during Fiebig stages I, II, and III, with plasma HIV RNA levels of 285651, 2321, and 81978 copies/mL, respectively. On average, the CSF HIV RNA level was 2.42 log(10) copies/mL lower than that in plasma. There were no cases in which the CSF HIV RNA level exceeded that in plasma. Headache was common during the acute retroviral syndrome (in 11 of 20 subjects), but no other neurological signs or symptoms were seen. Intrathecal immune activation was identified in some subjects with elevated CSF neopterin, monocyte chemotactic protein/CCL2, and interferon γ-induced protein 10/CXCL-10 levels. Brain inflammation was suggested by MRS.
conclusionsCSF HIV RNA was detectable in humans as early as 8 days after exposure. CNS inflammation was apparent by CSF analysis and MRS in some individuals during acute HIV infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.