Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22551312›Full record

ArticleAlcoholism, clinical and experimental research2012

Ethanol (EtOH)-induced TGF-β1 and reactive oxygen species production are necessary for EtOH-induced alveolar macrophage dysfunction and induction of alternative activation.

Sheena D Brown, Lou Ann S Brown

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Alcohol's Effects on the Lung and Lung Disease.Alcohol research : current reviews · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
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  6. Article
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  18. Alcohol and lung injury and immunity.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2016
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Alcohol abuse and smoking alter inflammatory mediator production by pulmonary and systemic immune cells.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2016
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Sheena D BrownDepartment of Pediatrics, Emory University, and Center for Developmental Lung Biology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
Lou Ann S Brown
Children's Healthcare of Atlanta · USEmory University · US

Funding

CTSA INFRASTRUCTURE FOR PEDIATRIC RESEARCHUL1RR025008 · NCRR · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI STEPHENS, DAVID S · 2007 to 2011
$29.0M
Atlanta Clinical and Translational Science Institute (ACTSI) RenewalUL1TR000454 · NCATS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI STEPHENS, DAVID S · 2012 to 2016
$25.8M
THE ROLE OF TGFB IN ETHANOL MEDIATED LUNG INJURYP50AA013757 · NIAAA · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI GUIDOT, DAVID MARSHALL · 2003 to 2013
$15.7M
Mentored Clinical Research Scholar ProgramK12RR017643 · NCRR · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI BLUMBERG, HENRY M · 2002 to 2006
$5.1M
CHRONIC ETHANOL: MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION AND APOPTOSISR01AA012197 · NIAAA · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI BROWN, LOU ANN S · 2000 to 2010
$2.7M
Polarity of Redox Control and Risk of Injury in the Alveolar EpitheliumR01HL096924 · NHLBI · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI BROWN, LOU ANN S, JONES, DEAN PAUL · 2009 to 2010
$805k
Determining the Effect of Chronic Ethanol Ingestion on Pulmonary MacrophagesF31AA017812 · NIAAA · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI BROWN, SHEENA DENISE · 2008 to 2010
$81k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000454NCRR NIH HHS K12 RR017643NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR025008NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL096924NIAAA NIH HHS 1 P50 AA 135757NIAAA NIH HHS F31 AA017812NIAAA NIH HHS P50 AA013757NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA012197NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA12197
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrevious studies have shown that chronic ethanol (EtOH) ingestion results in impaired alveolar macrophage function, increased TGF-β(1) production, and decreased antioxidant availability. Similarly, alternative activation (M2 activation) of alveolar macrophages also induces TGF-β(1) production and impairs macrophage function. However, the potential links between EtOH-induced alveolar macrophage derangements, M2 activation, TGF-β(1) production signaling, and oxidant stress have yet to be examined. We hypothesized that EtOH-induced oxidant stress and induction of TGF-β(1) signaling result in alternative activation which subsequently impairs the phagocytic capacity of alveolar macrophages.

methodsPrimary rat alveolar macrophages and the alveolar macrophages cell line NR8383 were treated with 0.08% EtOH ± the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) or a TGF-β(1) neutralizing antibody for 5 days. Outcome measures included TGF-β(1) production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, phagocytic capacity, and expression of markers of M2 activation.

resultsChronic EtOH treatment greatly decreased alveolar macrophage phagocytic function, increased ROS production, increased TGF-β(1) , and increased expression of markers of M2 activation. GSH supplementation and inhibition of TGF-β(1) signaling during EtOH treatment prevented these alterations.

conclusionsEtOH treatment increased oxidant stress, TGF-β(1) production, and alternative activation in NR8383 cells. However, GSH supplementation and ablation of TGF-β(1) signaling prevented these effects. This suggested that the EtOH-induced switch to an M2 phenotype was a result of decreased antioxidant availability and increased TGF-β(1) signaling. Preventing EtOH-induced induction of alternative activation may improve alveolar macrophage function in alcoholic subjects and decrease the risk of respiratory infections.

Indexed as

AnimalsCell LineEthanolMacrophage ActivationMacrophages, AlveolarMaleRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyReactive Oxygen SpeciesTransforming Growth Factor beta1EthanolReactive Oxygen SpeciesTgfb1 protein, ratTransforming Growth Factor beta1

Identifiers

PMID22551312
PMCPMC3414680
OpenAlexW2099171644

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.