Trial reportStroke2012
Traditional cardiovascular risk factors explain the minority of the variability in carotid plaque.
Trial report in Stroke, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Elevated homocysteine and carotid plaque area and densitometry in the Northern Manhattan Study.Stroke · 2013Trial
- Lack of relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder and coronary atherosclerotic burden among twin veterans from the Vietnam era.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota and Atherosclerosis: Integrative Multi-Omics and Mechanistic Insights.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2025Review
- Oscillometric, greyscale- and novel color-Doppler-ultrasound indices of macrovascular damage in Sjögren's: the SICARD cohort study.Arthritis research & therapy · 2025Article
- The Value of Clinical Variables and the Potential of Longitudinal Ultrasound Carotid Plaque Assessment in Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event Prediction After Uncomplicated Acute Coronary Syndrome.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevalence and associated risk factors of carotid plaque and artery stenosis in China: a population-based study.Frontiers of medicine · 2025Article
- Understanding the Relationship Between Cerebrovascular Disease and the Gut Microbiome.Stroke (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Review
- Article
- Multi-view carotid ultrasound is stronger associated with cardiovascular risk factors than presence of plaque or single carotid intima media thickness measurements in subclinical atherosclerosis.The international journal of cardiovascular imaging · 2023Article
- Review
- Association of homocysteine with carotid atherosclerosis in hypertension.Journal of human hypertension · 2023Article
- Article
- Internal Carotid Artery Angle Variations are Poorly Explained by Vascular Risk Factors: The Northern Manhattan Study.Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association · 2022Article
- Association of Carotid Plaque Morphology and Glycemic and Lipid Parameters in the Northern Manhattan Study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Sex-specific association between inflammation and endothelial function relevant gene and vulnerable carotid plaque.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Radial BMD and serum CTX-I can predict the progression of carotid plaque in rheumatoid arthritis: a 3-year prospective cohort study.Arthritis research & therapy · 2021Article
- Clinical Significance of Carotid Intima-Media Complex and Carotid Plaque Assessment by Ultrasound for the Prediction of Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Primary and Secondary Care Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Clusters of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Their Association with Atherosclerosis and Chronic Inflammation among Adults and Elderly in Florianópolis, Southern Brazil.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2021Article
- Association ofFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
- The Predictive Value of Carotid Ultrasonography With Cardiovascular Risk Factors-A "SPIDER" Promoting Atherosclerosis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
background and purposeSubclinical atherosclerotic plaque is an important marker of increased vascular risk. Identifying factors underlying the variability in burden of atherosclerotic carotid plaque unexplained by traditional vascular risk factors may help target novel preventive strategies.
methodsAs a part of the carotid substudy of the Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS), 1790 stroke-free individuals (mean age, 69±9; 60% women; 61% Hispanic, 19% black, 18% white) were assessed for total plaque area (TPA) burden using 2-dimensional carotid ultrasound imaging. Multiple linear regression models were constructed. Model 1 used prespecified traditional risk factors: age, sex, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, pack-years of smoking, blood pressure, and treatment for blood pressure; and Model 2, an addition of socioeconomic and less traditional risk factors. The contributions of the components of the Framingham heart risk score and the NOMAS Global Vascular Risk Score to the TPA were explored.
resultsPrevalence of carotid plaque was 58%. Mean TPA was 13±19 mm2. Model 1 explained 19.5% of the variance in TPA burden (R2=0.195). Model 2 explained 21.9% of TPA burden. Similarly, the Framingham heart risk score explained 18.8% and NOMAS global vascular risk score 21.5% of the TPA variance.
conclusionsThe variation in preclinical carotid plaque burden is largely unexplained by traditional and less traditional vascular risk factors, suggesting that other unaccounted environmental and genetic factors play an important role in the determination of atherosclerotic plaque. Identification of these factors may lead to new approaches to prevent stroke and cardiovascular disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.