ArticleJournal of chemical ecology2012
Chemistry and anatomy of the frontal gland in soldiers of the sand termite Psammotermes hybostoma.
Article in Journal of chemical ecology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of Spatial Variation on Defensive Substances of Constrictotermes Cyphergaster Soldiers (Blattaria, Isoptera).Journal of chemical ecology · 2021Article
- Cuticular and Dufour's Gland Chemistry Reflect Reproductive and Social State in the Facultatively Eusocial Sweat Bee Megalopta genalis (Hymenoptera: Halictidae).Journal of chemical ecology · 2021Article
- Evaluation of the chemical defense fluids of Macrotermes carbonarius and Globitermes sulphureus as possible household repellents and insecticides.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Volatile Molecules Secreted by the Wheat PathogenFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Chemistry of the Secondary Metabolites of Termites.Progress in the chemistry of organic natural products · 2019Article
- Volatile Terpenes and Terpenoids from Workers and Queens ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- Multi-functional roles of a soldier-specific volatile as a worker arrestant, primer pheromone and an antimicrobial agent in a termite.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2017Article
- The nature of alarm communication in Constrictotermes cyphergaster (Blattodea: Termitoidea: Termitidae): the integration of chemical and vibroacoustic signals.Biology open · 2015Article
- Chemical alarm in the termite Termitogeton planus (Rhinotermitidae).Journal of chemical ecology · 2014Article
- Developmental pathways of Psammotermes hybostoma (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae): old pseudergates make up a new sterile caste.PloS one · 2012Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A great diversity of defensive chemicals has been described in termite soldiers equipped with a unique defensive organ, the frontal gland. Along with the functional diversity of these compounds, reflecting the evolutionary history of particular lineages and their defensive strategies, a considerable degree of chemical variability often occurs among species and populations. Thus, the chemistry of termite defense may provide information on the phylogeny and geographic dispersal of species and populations. In this paper, we report on the anatomy of the frontal gland and on the diversity of soldier defensive chemicals in the sand termite, Psammotermes hybostoma, from nine colonies and five different localities in Egypt. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, a total of 30 sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, or their oxygenated derivatives, were detected, and the chemical identity of most of them identified. In addition, a ketone, an ester, and a diterpene were identified in some colonies. Within colonies, the chemical composition was stable and did not differ among soldier size categories. However, there were pronounced quantitative and qualitative differences in frontal gland chemicals among colonies and geographic locations. The findings are discussed in a broader comparison with other termite taxa.
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