ReviewNature reviews. Rheumatology2012
Topical and systemic medications for the treatment of primary Sjögren's syndrome.
Review in Nature reviews. Rheumatology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 183 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and Application of the Placebo Response Model in Clinical Trials for Primary Sjögren's Syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Is hydroxychloroquine effective in treating primary Sjogren's syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2017Pooled it
- A randomized, phase II study of sequential belimumab and rituximab in primary Sjögren's syndrome.JCI insight · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Low-to-moderate dose glucocorticoids in primary Sjögren's syndrome patients on hydroxychloroquine/iguratimod therapy: a target trial emulation study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Association between primary Sjögren's disease and temporomandibular disorder in Taiwan: a 15-year nationwide cohort, with an exploratory analysis of hydroxychloroquine.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Safety of SA001 in Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The multiple functions of CD5 in diseases related to immune disorders.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- CCR5 + T cells as a potential biomarker for primary Sjögren's disease based on bioinformatics analysis.Clinical rheumatology · 2025Article
- Laboratory features and pharmacological management of early and late-onset primary Sjögren's syndrome.Rheumatology international · 2024Article
- B-Cell Activation Biomarkers in Salivary Glands Are Related to Lymphomagenesis in Primary Sjögren's Disease: A Pilot Monocentric Exploratory Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Using machine learning model explanations to identify proteins related to severity of meibomian gland dysfunction.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Treatment with a Lactococcus lactis that chromosomally express E. coli cfaI mitigates salivary flow loss in a Sjögren's syndrome-like disease.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- A tale of two syndromes: nontraumatic Frey's syndrome in a woman with Sjögren's syndrome.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2023Article
- Gut microbiota combined with fecal metabolomics reveals the effects of FuFang Runzaoling on the microbial and metabolic profiles in NOD mouse model of Sjögren's syndrome.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2023Article
- Effective-mononuclear cell (E-MNC) therapy alleviates salivary gland damage by suppressing lymphocyte infiltration in Sjögren-like disease.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Olfactory Ecto-mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes Ameliorate Murine Sjögren's Syndrome via Suppressing Tfh Cell Response.Rheumatology and immunology research · 2022Article
- Proteomic Profiling of Saliva and Tears in Radiated Head and Neck Cancer Patients as Compared to Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The treatment of primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is based principally on the management of sicca features and systemic manifestations. Sicca manifestations are treated symptomatically through administration of topical therapies, such as saliva substitutes and artificial tears; in patients with residual salivary gland function, stimulation of salivary flow with a sialogogue is the therapy of choice. The management of extraglandular features must be tailored to the specific organ or organs involved; however, limited data have been obtained from controlled trials in SS to guide the treatment of systemic symptoms using therapies including antimalarials, glucocorticoids, immunosuppressive drugs and biologic agents. Nevertheless, randomised controlled trials of biologic agents that target molecules and receptors involved in the aetiopathogenesis of primary SS have initiated a new era in the therapeutic management of the disease, although the potential risks and benefits of these agents must be carefully considered. In this Review, we analyse the evidence regarding the efficacy of the therapeutic agents currently available to treat the manifestations of SS. On the basis of this evidence, we provide guidance on the use of these agents in different clinical scenarios.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.