ArticleTransplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society2012
Pneumocystis pneumonia in hospitalized patients: a detailed examination of symptoms, management, and outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and HIV-uninfected persons.
Article in Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06892951 (Phase I/II Safety lead-in Randomized Blind Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 32 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Phase I/II Safety lead-in Randomized Blind Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial: Efficacy and Safety of Caspofungin Aerosols for the Curative Treatment of Pneumocystis Pneumonia in Adjunction of Conventional Systemic Antifungal Therapy
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- m-TOR inhibitors and risk of Pneumocystis pneumonia after solid organ transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2019Pooled it
- Clinical practice guidelines for the provision of renal service in Hong Kong: Infection Control in Renal Service.Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2019Guideline
- Pooled it
- Risk factors for adverse events associated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment for Pneumocystis pneumonia in non-human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: a multicenter, retrospective, observational cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Observational
- An Observational Analysis of a Large Cohort ofOpen forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the treatment of critical Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in a child with Langerhans cell histiocytosis: a case report and literature review.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Review
- An overview of the laboratory diagnosis ofJournal of clinical microbiology · 2025Review
- Atypical presentation of PJP: hypercalcemia and kidney injury in an allogeneic stem cell transplant recipient.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Review
- Clinical features and diagnostic value of metagenomic next -generation sequencing in five cases of non-HIV relatedFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Treatment ofWorld journal of clinical cases · 2022Article
- Low cut-off value of serum (1,3)-beta-D-glucan for the diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia in non-HIV patients: a retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Observational
- Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of immunocompromised patients infected with Pneumocystis jirovecii in a twelve-year retrospective study from Norway.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Role of Chest Imaging in Viral Lung Diseases.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Pneumocystis jirovecii Disease: Basis for the Revised EORTC/MSGERC Invasive Fungal Disease Definitions in Individuals Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Diagnosing Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia: A review of current methods and novel approaches.Medical mycology · 2020Review
- Differences and similarities of high-resolution computed tomography features between pneumocystis pneumonia and cytomegalovirus pneumonia in AIDS patients.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2020Article
- Outbreak-Causing Fungi: Pneumocystis jirovecii.Mycopathologia · 2020Review
- Revision and Update of the Consensus Definitions of Invasive Fungal Disease From the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Impact of Increased Duration of Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis Pneumonia After Renal Transplant.Annals of transplantation · 2019Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is a life-threatening infection for immunocompromised individuals. Robust data and clear guidelines are available for prophylaxis and treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related PCP (HIV-PCP), yet few data and no guidelines are available for non-HIV-related PCP (NH-PCP). We postulated that prevention and inpatient management of HIV-PCP differed from NH-PCP.
methodsWe performed a retrospective case review of all pathologically confirmed cases of PCP seen at the University of Alabama Medical Center from 1996 to 2008. Data on clinical presentation, hospital course, and outcome were collected using a standardized data collection instrument. Bivariate analysis compared prophylaxis, adjunctive corticosteroids, and clinical outcomes between patients with HIV-PCP and NH-PCP.
resultsOur analysis of the cohort included 97 cases of PCP; 65 HIV and 32 non-HIV cases. Non-HIV cases rarely received primary prophylaxis (4% vs. 38%, P = 0.01) and received appropriate antibiotics later in the course of hospitalization (5.2 days vs. 1.1 days, P < 0.005). Among transplant patients, NH-PCP was diagnosed a mean of 1066 days after transplantation and most patients were on low-dose corticosteroids (87%) at the time of disease onset. No significant differences in adjunctive corticosteroid use (69% vs. 77%, P = 0.39) and 90-day mortality (41% vs. 28%, P = 0.20) were detected.
conclusionsPatients who have undergone organ or stem cell transplant remain at risk for PCP for many years after transplantation. In our cohort, patients who developed NH-PCP were rarely given prophylaxis, and initiation of appropriate antibiotics was significantly delayed compared to cases of HIV-PCP. Medical providers should be aware of the ongoing risk for NH-PCP, even late after transplantation, and consider more aggressive approaches to both prophylaxis and earlier empirical therapy for PCP.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.