ArticleSleep2012
Discharge patterns of human tensor palatini motor units during sleep onset.
Article in Sleep, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Trial
- Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy Findings and Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation Therapy Outcomes.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Targeting Endotypic Traits with Medications for the Pharmacological Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea. A Review of the Current Literature.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Review
- Review
- Muscles of Breathing: Development, Function, and Patterns of Activation.Comprehensive Physiology · 2019Review
- Modulation of Motoneuronal Activity With Sleep-Wake States and Motoneuronal Gene Expression Vary With Circadian Rest-Activity Cycle.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2018Article
- Obstructive sleep apnea: current perspectives.Nature and science of sleep · 2018Review
- Mechanisms of the deep, slow-wave, sleep-related increase of upper airway muscle tone in healthy humans.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2017Article
- Neural Control of the Upper Airway: Respiratory and State-Dependent Mechanisms.Comprehensive Physiology · 2016Review
- Common drive to the upper airway muscle genioglossus during inspiratory loading.Journal of neurophysiology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesUpper airway muscles such as genioglossus (GG) and tensor palatini (TP) reduce activity at sleep onset. In GG reduced muscle activity is primarily due to inspiratory modulated motor units becoming silent, suggesting reduced respiratory pattern generator (RPG) output. However, unlike GG, TP shows minimal respiratory modulation and presumably has few inspiratory modulated motor units and minimal input from the RPG. Thus, we investigated the mechanism by which TP reduces activity at sleep onset.
designThe activity of TP motor units were studied during relaxed wakefulness and over the transition from wakefulness to sleep.
settingSleep laboratory.
participantsNine young (21.4 ± 3.4 years) males were studied on a total of 11 nights.
interventionSleep onset. MEASUREMENTS AND
resultsTwo TP EMGs (thin, hooked wire electrodes), and sleep and respiratory measures were recorded. One hundred twenty-one sleep onsets were identified (13.4 ± 7.2/subject), resulting in 128 motor units (14.3 ± 13.0/subject); 29% of units were tonic, 43% inspiratory modulated (inspiratory phasic 18%, inspiratory tonic 25%), and 28% expiratory modulated (expiratory phasic 21%, expiratory tonic 7%). There was a reduction in both expiratory and inspiratory modulated units, but not tonic units, at sleep onset. Reduced TP activity was almost entirely due to de-recruitment.
conclusionsTP showed a similar distribution of motor units as other airway muscles. However, a greater proportion of expiratory modulated motor units were active in TP and these expiratory units, along with inspiratory units, tended to become silent over sleep onset. The data suggest that both expiratory and inspiratory drive components from the RPG are reduced at sleep onset in TP.
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Registered trials
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