ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2012
One influenza virus particle packages eight unique viral RNAs as shown by FISH analysis.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 192 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Live-cell single-vRNP imaging identifies viral gene expression signatures that shape influenza infection heterogeneity.Cell systems · 2026Article
- Development of an influenza D virus with an eight- or nine-segment genome.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Basic Virology.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Tetrahedral DNA dendritic nanostructure-enhanced FISH for high-speed, sensitive spatial transcriptomics.Nature communications · 2025Article
- High-throughput single-virion DNA-PAINT reveals structural diversity, cooperativity, and flexibility during selective packaging in influenza.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Morphology-dependent entry kinetics and spread of influenza A virus.The EMBO journal · 2025Article
- Visualizing the transcription and replication of influenza A viral RNAs in cells by multiple direct RNA padlock probing and in situ sequencing (mudRapp-seq).Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Article
- A Fluorogenic Pseudoinfection Assay to Probe Transfer and Distribution of Influenza Viral Contents to Target Vesicles.Analytical chemistry · 2024Article
- Recruitment of multi-segment genomic RNAs by Bluetongue virus requires a preformed RNA network.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Review
- Influenza Virus Host Restriction Factors: The ISGs and Non-ISGs.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Fighting flu: novel CD8Clinical & translational immunology · 2024Review
- Single-Molecule Visualization of Bunyavirus Genome Segments Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- RNA N6-methyladenosine methylation in influenza A virus infection.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Article
- Paired Capture and FISH Detection of Individual Virions Enable Cell-Free Determination of Infectious Titers.ACS sensors · 2023Article
- High-throughput droplet-based analysis of influenza A virus genetic reassortment by single-virus RNA sequencing.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Revisiting influenza A virus life cycle from a perspective of genome balance.Virologica Sinica · 2023Review
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Influenza A virus possesses a segmented genome of eight negative-sense, single-stranded RNAs. The eight segments have been shown to be represented in approximately equal molar ratios in a virus population; however, the exact copy number of each viral RNA segment per individual virus particles has not been determined. We have established an experimental approach based on multicolor single-molecule fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) to study the composition of viral RNAs at single-virus particle resolution. Colocalization analysis showed that a high percentage of virus particles package all eight different segments of viral RNAs. To determine the copy number of each RNA segment within individual virus particles, we measured the photobleaching steps of individual virus particles hybridized with fluorescent probes targeting a specific viral RNA. By comparing the photobleaching profiles of probes against the HA RNA segment for the wild-type influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (PR8) and a recombinant PR8 virus carrying two copies of the HA segment, we concluded that only one copy of HA segment is packaged into a wild type virus particle. Our results showed similar photobleaching behaviors for other RNA segments, suggesting that for the majority of the virus particles, only one copy of each RNA segment is packaged into one virus particle. Together, our results support that the packaging of influenza viral genome is a selective process.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.