ArticleJournal of addiction research & therapy2011
Impact of Sex and Gonadal Hormones on Cocaine and Food Reinforcement Paradigms.
Article in Journal of addiction research & therapy, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Time to choose: impact of intertrial interval on selecting between methamphetamine and food reinforcement in male and female rats.Psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Sex-dependent effects of food-restriction on cocaine self-administration and cocaine-seeking in rats.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2025Article
- Choice between food and cocaine reinforcers under fixed and variable schedules in female and male rhesus monkeys.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2023Article
- Estradiol reduction through aromatase inhibition impairs cocaine seeking in male rats.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
- High intensity interval training exercise increases dopamine D2 levels and modulates brain dopamine signaling.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Cocaine Modulates the Neuronal Endosomal System and Extracellular Vesicles in a Sex-Dependent Manner.Neurochemical research · 2022Article
- Cocaine Induces Sex-Associated Changes in Lipid Profiles of Brain Extracellular Vesicles.Neurochemical research · 2021Article
- Discovery of early life stress interacting and sex-specific quantitative trait loci impacting cocaine responsiveness.British journal of pharmacology · 2019Article
- Sex differences in prenatal stress effects on cocaine pursuit in rats.Physiology & behavior · 2019Article
- Fluoxetine exposure in adolescent and adult female mice decreases cocaine and sucrose preference later in life.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2018Article
- Modeling the development of drug addiction in male and female animals.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2018Review
- Sex differences, gender and addiction.Journal of neuroscience research · 2017Review
- Sex differences in addiction.Dialogues in clinical neuroscience · 2016Review
- Sex and estrogens alter the action of glucagon-like peptide-1 on reward.Biology of sex differences · 2016Article
- Mouse model systems to study sex chromosome genes and behavior: relevance to humans.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2014Review
- The development of a preference for cocaine over food identifies individual rats with addiction-like behaviors.PloS one · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Men and women express sexually dimorphic patterns of cocaine abuse, such that women progress faster from initially trying cocaine to becoming dependent upon the drug and display a greater incidence of relapse. Sex differences in response to cocaine are also seen in the laboratory in both humans and animal models. In this review, animal models of cocaine abuse that have reported sex differences in appetitive reinforcement are discussed. In both human and animal studies, sex differences in the subjective and behavioral effects of cocaine are often related to the female reproductive cycle and ovarian hormones. As a comparison, food reinforcement studies have shown the opposite profile of sex differences and the impact of sex steroids on food intake and response rate. In contrast, limited attention has been given to "choice" models in rodents of either sex, however, our recent studies have indicated a role of sex and estrogen in cocaine choice over food with intact females, and OVX females treated with estrogen, choosing cocaine significantly more than males. Interestingly, estrous cycle phase does not seem to impact cocaine choice as it does response rate in single-reinforcer studies, suggesting that genomic rather than neurosteroid effects of estrogen modulate sex differences in this model. Future studies should more fully explore the impact of sex hormones on concurrent reinforcement and discrete choice models of addiction.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.