ArticleEukaryotic cell2012
Titan cells confer protection from phagocytosis in Cryptococcus neoformans infections.
Article in Eukaryotic cell, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 120 papers.
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Who cites it
120 citing papers in PubMed.
- Esculetin exhibits antifungal effects againstVirulence · 2026Article
- The Cryptococcus neoformans titanide is a pathogenic cell type that arises from typical yeast cells in response to host conditions.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Article
- A role for aquaporin (Aqp1) in the control of Cryptococcus neoformans cell morphology.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Distinct STRIPAK subunits drive conserved and subunit-specific signaling programs inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Meiosis-specific genes play roles in ploidy reduction inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Advances in cryptococcal infections-associated immunopathology and potential therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Assessing the Anti-Cryptococcus Antifungal Potential of Artemisinin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Meiosis-specific genes play roles in ploidy reduction inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The Hidden Fortress: A Comprehensive Review of Fungal Biofilms with Emphasis onJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The impact of phenotypic heterogeneity on fungal pathogenicity and drug resistance.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Antifungal Innate Immunity.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis pathways inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Neurobasal medium enhances titan cell formation in Cryptococcus spp.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2025Article
- Elements of dissemination in cryptococcosis.mBio · 2024Review
- Is Cryptococcus neoformans a pleomorphic fungus?Current opinion in microbiology · 2024Review
- The pathobiology of human fungal infections.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2024Review
- Article
- Staphylococcus aureus SaeRS impairs macrophage immune functions through bacterial clumps formation in the early stage of infection.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2024Article
- Exposure of Cryptococcus neoformans to low nitrogen levels enhances virulence.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2024Article
60 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans produces an enlarged "titan" cell morphology when exposed to the host pulmonary environment. Titan cells exhibit traits that promote survival in the host. Previous studies showed that titan cells are not phagocytosed and that increased titan cell production in the lungs results in reduced phagocytosis of cryptococcal cells by host immune cells. Here, the effect of titan cell production on host-pathogen interactions during early stages of pulmonary cryptococcosis was explored. The relationship between titan cell production and phagocytosis was found to be nonlinear; moderate increases in titan cell production resulted in profound decreases in phagocytosis, with significant differences occurring within the first 24 h of the infection. Not only were titan cells themselves protected from phagocytosis, but titan cell formation also conferred protection from phagocytosis to normal-size cryptococcal cells. Large particles introduced into the lungs were not phagocytosed, suggesting the large size of titan cells protects against phagocytosis. The presence of large particles was unable to protect smaller particles from phagocytosis, revealing that titan cell size alone is not sufficient to provide the observed cross-protection of normal-size cryptococcal cells. These data suggest that titan cells play a critical role in establishment of the pulmonary infection by promoting the survival of the entire population of cryptococcal cells.
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