ArticleBone2012
Socioeconomic status over the life-course and adult bone mineral density: the Midlife in the U.S. Study.
Article in Bone, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bone, muscle, and physical function measures in older adults according to levels of social disadvantage: a cross-sectional study.Archives of osteoporosis · 2026Article
- Social determinants of vulnerability to nitrogen oxide- and sulfur dioxide-related bone damage among postmenopausal women in the United States.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- The association between body mass index and total lumbar bone mineral density in obese adults: the national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) 2011-2020.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2025Article
- Bone Mineral Accrual From Adolescence Into Young Adulthood and Peak Bone Mass: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Proteins and pathways involved in inflammation are longitudinally associated with total body bone mineral density among primarily Hispanic overweight/obese adolescents and young adults.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2025Article
- Lifetime employment trajectories and cancer.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Psychological Disorders Linked to Osteoporosis Diagnoses in a Population-Based Cohort Study of Middle and Older Age United States Adults.The Gerontologist · 2024Article
- Lifetime Employment Trajectories and Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Research square · 2024Article
- Lipid accumulation product, poverty income ratio, and bone mineral density in U.S. adults: a mediation analysis based on NHANES (2009-2020).Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Association between the atherogenic index of plasma and bone mineral density among adult women: NHANES (2011-2018).Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Observational
- Endocrine Health and Health Care Disparities in the Pediatric and Sexual and Gender Minority Populations: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Article
- Childhood Family Environment and Osteoporosis in a Population-Based Cohort Study of Middle-to Older-Age Americans.JBMR plus · 2023Article
- Retrospective reports of socioeconomic disadvantage in childhood and mortality risk: are associations consistent across measures and sex?GeroScience · 2023Article
- Assessing the roles of demographic, social, economic, environmental, health-related, and political factors on risk of osteoporosis diagnosis among older adults.Archives of osteoporosis · 2021Article
- Factors influencing peak bone mass gain.Frontiers of medicine · 2021Review
- Childhood socioeconomic status, comorbidity of chronic kidney disease risk factors, and kidney function among adults in the midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study.BMC nephrology · 2020Article
- Levels of Knowledge, Beliefs, and Practices Regarding Osteoporosis and the Associations with Bone Mineral Density among Populations More Than 40 Years Old in Malaysia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Factors associated with bone mineral content in adults: a population-based study.Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2019Article
- Socioeconomic status and bone mineral density in adults by race/ethnicity and gender: the Louisiana osteoporosis study.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2017Article
- Oral health behaviors and bone mineral density in South Korea: the 2008-2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeAdult bone mass depends on acquisition in childhood and decline in adulthood, and may be influenced by socioeconomic conditions over the entire life course.
methodsWe examined associations of bone mineral density (BMD) in adulthood with life course socioeconomic status in 729 participants in the Midlife in the United States Biomarker Project, adjusting for age, menopausal transition stage, race, gender, body weight, smoking, physical activity in several life stages, and research site. Primary predictors were a) childhood socioeconomic advantage score (including parental education, self-rated financial status relative to others, not being on welfare), b) adult education level (no college vs. some college vs. college graduate), and c) adult current financial advantage score (including family-adjusted poverty to income ratio, self-assessed current financial situation, having enough money to meet needs, ease in paying bills).
resultsMean age was 56.9 (range 34-85) years. After adjustment for covariates, childhood socioeconomic advantage and adult education level were positively associated with lumbar spine BMD: 0.27 standard deviations (SD) higher at 90th compared to 10th percentile of childhood advantage score (P=0.009), and 0.24 SD higher in college graduates compared to participants without college education (P=0.01). Adult current financial advantage was not associated with lumbar spine BMD. None of the three socioeconomic indicators was significantly associated with femoral neck BMD.
conclusionsChildhood socioeconomic advantage and adult education level were associated with higher adult lumbar spine BMD. Current financial advantage was not associated with BMD. Childhood socioeconomic factors may influence acquisition of lumbar BMD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.