SynthesisAlcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire)
Social inequalities and gender differences in the experience of alcohol-related problems.
Synthesis in Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The relationship between fathers' heavy episodic drinking and fathering involvement in five Asia-Pacific countries: An individual participant data meta-analysis.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2022Pooled it
- Causal mechanisms proposed for the alcohol harm paradox-a systematic review.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2022Pooled it
- Socioeconomic status and non-communicable disease behavioural risk factors in low-income and lower-middle-income countries: a systematic review.The Lancet. Global health · 2017Pooled it
- Four-Year Effects of a Computer-Based Brief Alcohol Intervention Targeting Alcohol Users in the General Population: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Trial
- The Moderating Effect of Educational Background on the Efficacy of a Computer-Based Brief Intervention Addressing the Full Spectrum of Alcohol Use: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2022Trial
- Individual and Community Social Determinants of Health and Recovery from Alcohol Use Disorder Three Years following Treatment.Journal of psychoactive drugsTrial
- Community characteristics and substance-free activity and service access predict membership in alcohol use disorder risk profiles.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2025Article
- Do socioeconomic status, race and ethnicity modify the relationship between alcohol use and unintentional injury mortality?Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention · 2025Article
- Sexual Dimorphism in Cardiometabolic Diseases: From Development to Senescence and Therapeutic Approaches.Cells · 2025Review
- "Socioeconomic inequalities in health behaviors in children and adolescents: evidence from an Australian cohort".BMC public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence of psychoactive substance use among medical students in the EMRO region.Journal of public health in Africa · 2025Review
- Prevalence and Factors Associated With Alcohol-Related Road Traffic Injuries in Cameroon.The Journal of surgical research · 2024Article
- Psychosocial factors and patient and healthcare delays in large (class T3-T4) oral, oropharyngeal, and laryngeal carcinomas.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- Heavy Drinking by Occupation in Spain: Differences Between Weekdays and the Weekend.Journal of community health · 2024Article
- Differential Associations of Alcohol Use With Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality by Socioeconomic Status in the US, 1997-2018.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Changes in Alcohol Intake by Educational Level Among Older Men and Women in Spain During the 21st Century.Innovation in aging · 2024Article
- Worsening of alcohol abuse disorder in a Spanish population during the first twelve months of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated factors: retrospective, ecological and community study.BMC psychiatry · 2023Observational
- Matching, behavioral economics, and teleological behaviorism: Final cause analysis of substance use and health behavior.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2023Article
- Associations between depressive symptoms, socio-economic factors, traumatic exposure and recent intimate partner violence experiences among women in Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional study.BMC women's health · 2022Article
- Educational Gradients in Drinking Amount and Heavy Episodic Drinking among Working-Age Men and Women in Spain.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsTo examine the influence of country-level characteristics and individual socio-economic status (SES) on individual alcohol-related consequences.
methodsData from 42,655 men and women collected by cross-sectional surveys in 25 countries of the Gender, Alcohol and Culture: An International Study study were used. The individual SES was measured by the highest attained educational level. Alcohol-related consequences were defined as the self-report of at least one internal or one external consequence in the last year. The relationship between individuals' education and alcohol-related consequences was examined by meta-analysis. In a second step, the individual level data and country data were combined in multilevel models. As country-level indicators, we used the purchasing power parity of the gross national income (GNI), the Gini coefficient and the Gender Gap Index.
resultsLower educated men and women were more likely to report consequences than higher educated men and women even after controlling for drinking patterns. For men, this relation was significant for both internal and external problems. For women, it was only significant for external problems. The GNI was significantly associated with reporting external consequences for men such that in lower income countries men were more likely to report social problems.
conclusionThe fact that problems accrue more quickly for lower educated persons even if they drink in the same manner can be linked to the social or environmental dimension surrounding problems. That is, those of fewer resources are less protected from the experience of a problem or the impact of a stressful life event.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.