Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22542702›Full record

ReviewBio Systems2012

Morphogenetic fields in embryogenesis, regeneration, and cancer: non-local control of complex patterning.

Michael Levin

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Bio Systems, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
79citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.7field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

79 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 216 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Quantum Effects in Evolution: Terrestrial Fine-Tuning of Magnetic Parameters.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. The salamander blastema within the broader context of metazoan regeneration.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Vitalism and cognition in a conscious universe.Communicative & integrative biology · 2022
    Article
  16. Studying Protista WBR and Repair Using Physarum polycephalum.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Michael LevinDepartment of Biology, and Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology, Tufts University, 200 Boston Ave., Medford, MA 02155, USA. michael.levin@tufts.edu
Tufts University · US

Funding

Electrotherapeutic strategies for connective tissue repairR01AR061988 · NIAMS · TUFTS UNIVERSITY MEDFORD · PI HUNG, CLARK T., KAPLAN, DAVID L. · 2011 to 2015
$3.3M
Tissue Regeneration by Biophysical SignalingR01AR055993 · NIAMS · TUFTS UNIVERSITY MEDFORD · PI KAPLAN, DAVID L., LEVIN, MICHAEL · 2010 to 2018
$3.2M
Biophysical controls of vertebrate organ regenerationR01GM078484 · NIGMS · TUFTS UNIVERSITY MEDFORD · PI LEVIN, MICHAEL · 2008 to 2011
$1.2M
Novel Mechanism of Induction of Eye Tissue: Katp Channel ModulationR01EY018168 · NEI · TUFTS UNIVERSITY MEDFORD · PI LEVIN, MICHAEL · 2008 to 2010
$1.1M
Bioelectrical Controls of MorphogenesisR01GM077425 · NIGMS · TUFTS UNIVERSITY MEDFORD · PI LEVIN, MICHAEL · 2007 to 2010
$1.1M
NEI NIH HHS EY018168NEI NIH HHS R01 EY018168NIAMS NIH HHS AR055993NIAMS NIH HHS AR061988NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR055993NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR061988NIGMS NIH HHS GM078484NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM077425NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM078484
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Establishment of shape during embryonic development, and the maintenance of shape against injury or tumorigenesis, requires constant coordination of cell behaviors toward the patterning needs of the host organism. Molecular cell biology and genetics have made great strides in understanding the mechanisms that regulate cell function. However, generalized rational control of shape is still largely beyond our current capabilities. Significant instructive signals function at long range to provide positional information and other cues to regulate organism-wide systems properties like anatomical polarity and size control. Is complex morphogenesis best understood as the emergent property of local cell interactions, or as the outcome of a computational process that is guided by a physically encoded map or template of the final goal state? Here I review recent data and molecular mechanisms relevant to morphogenetic fields: large-scale systems of physical properties that have been proposed to store patterning information during embryogenesis, regenerative repair, and cancer suppression that ultimately controls anatomy. Placing special emphasis on the role of endogenous bioelectric signals as an important component of the morphogenetic field, I speculate on novel approaches for the computational modeling and control of these fields with applications to synthetic biology, regenerative medicine, and evolutionary developmental biology.

Indexed as

Electromagnetic FieldsModels, BiologicalAnimalsEmbryonic DevelopmentHumansMorphogenesisNeoplasmsRegenerationSignal Transduction

Identifiers

PMID22542702
PMCPMC3413735
OpenAlexW2101542661

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.