ReviewThe Lancet. Infectious diseases2012
Hepatitis C virus clearance, reinfection, and persistence, with insights from studies of injecting drug users: towards a vaccine.
Review in The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 112 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
112 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 231 citations in OpenAlex.
- Correlation between IL-28 polymorphism and spontaneous clearance in HCV patients: systematic review and meta-analysis.Archives of virology · 2021Pooled it
- Spontaneous viral clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among people who inject drugs (PWID) and HIV-positive men who have sex with men (HIV+ MSM): a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Pooled it
- APASL consensus statements and recommendations for hepatitis C prevention, epidemiology, and laboratory testing.Hepatology international · 2016Guideline
- Evidence-based interventions to enhance assessment, treatment, and adherence in the chronic Hepatitis C care continuum.The International journal on drug policy · 2015Pooled it
- Hepatitis C virus (HCV) disease progression in people who inject drugs (PWID): A systematic review and meta-analysis.The International journal on drug policy · 2015Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A human vaccine strategy based on chimpanzee adenoviral and MVA vectors that primes, boosts, and sustains functional HCV-specific T cell memory.Science translational medicine · 2014Trial
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- Native-like soluble E1E2 glycoprotein heterodimers on self-assembling protein nanoparticles for hepatitis C virus vaccine design.Nature communications · 2026Article
- CD96 marks a phenotypically distinct checkpoint-associated HCV-specific CD8+ T-cell subset featuring memory-associated states.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The 14th Canadian Symposium on Hepatitis C Virus: From research breakthroughs to equitable health care for priority populations.Canadian liver journal · 2025Article
- Hepatitis C virus infection and co-infection with HIV among persons who inject drugs in 10 U.S. cities-National HIV Behavioral Surveillance, 2018.The International journal on drug policy · 2025Article
- Hepatitis C virus testing in infants, a move to early screening by HCV RNA at 2 months of age.Paediatrics & child health · 2025Article
- Hepatitis C-Everything a Primary Care Physician Needs to Know About Diagnosis, Management, and Follow-Up.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in mRNA-Based Vaccines Against Several Hepatitis Viruses.Biological procedures online · 2025Review
- Modeling of randomized hepatitis C vaccine trials: Bridging the gap between controlled human infection models and real-word testing.PNAS nexus · 2025Article
- Article
- Achieving Hepatitis C Micro-Elimination in Chinese Injecting Drug Users: A Dynamic Network Modeling Study.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Article
- TCellPredX: A Novel Approach for Accurate Prediction of Hepatitis C Virus Linear T Cell Epitopes.ACS omega · 2024Article
52 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) was discovered more than two decades ago, but progress towards a vaccine has been slow. HCV infection will spontaneously clear in about 25% of people. Studies of spontaneous HCV clearance in chimpanzees and human beings have identified host and viral factors that could be important in the control of HCV infection and the design of HCV vaccines. Although data from studies of chimpanzees suggest that protection against reinfection is possible after spontaneous clearance, HCV is a human disease. Results from studies of reinfection risk after spontaneous clearance in injecting drug users are conflicting, but some people seem to have protection against HCV persistence. To guide future vaccine development, we assess data from studies of HCV reinfection after spontaneous clearance, discuss flaws in the methods of previous human studies, and suggest essential components for future investigations of control of HCV infection.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.