ArticlePhotochemistry and photobiology
Metformin, an antidiabetic agent reduces growth of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma by targeting mTOR signaling pathway.
Article in Photochemistry and photobiology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hypoxia as an amplifier of synovial inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- A Dual Pharmacological Strategy against COVID-19: The Therapeutic Potential of Metformin and Atorvastatin.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Effects of Inhibition of IKK Kinase Phosphorylation On the Cellular Defence System and HSP90 Activity.Inflammation · 2024Article
- The development and benefits of metformin in various diseases.Frontiers of medicine · 2023Review
- Metformin and Cancer, an Ambiguanidous Relationship.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Significant Biomarkers Identification Associated with Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression.International journal of general medicine · 2022Article
- Epigenetic and metabolic interplay in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.Experimental dermatology · 2021Article
- Keratinocyte Carcinoma and Photoprevention: The Protective Actions of Repurposed Pharmaceuticals, Phytochemicals and Vitamins.Cancers · 2021Review
- Repurposing of Drug Candidates for Treatment of Skin Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- Chronic Adipose Tissue Inflammation Linking Obesity to Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Review
- Translating Mechanism-Based Strategies to Break the Obesity-Cancer Link: A Narrative Review.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2018Review
- Metformin and Autoimmunity: A "New Deal" of an Old Drug.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Proteomic modulation in breast tumors after metformin exposure: results from a "window of opportunity" trial.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2017Article
- Metformin targets multiple signaling pathways in cancer.Chinese journal of cancer · 2017Review
- Metformin modulates apoptosis and cell signaling of human podocytes under high glucose conditions.Journal of nephrology · 2016Article
- Toward Repurposing Metformin as a Precision Anti-Cancer Therapy Using Structural Systems Pharmacology.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- A weighty problem: metabolic perturbations and the obesity-cancer link.Hormone molecular biology and clinical investigation · 2015Review
- Metformin sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma to arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis by downregulating Bcl2 expression.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2015Article
- Vitamin D receptor and CD86 expression in the skin of vitamin D-deficient swine.Experimental and molecular pathology · 2014Article
- Erb-041, an estrogen receptor-β agonist, inhibits skin photocarcinogenesis in SKH-1 hairless mice by downregulating the WNT signaling pathway.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The biguanide metformin is widely used for the treatment of Type-II diabetes. Its antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in various tumor cells suggest its potential candidacy for cancer chemoprevention. Herein, we report that metformin significantly inhibited human epidermoid A431 tumor xenograft growth in nu/nu mice, which was associated with a significant reduction in proliferative biomarkers PCNA and cyclins D1/B1. This tumor growth reduction was accompanied by the enhanced apoptotic cell death and an increase in Bax:Bcl2 ratio. The mechanism by which metformin manifests antitumor effects appears to be dependent on the inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) and mTOR signaling pathways. Decreased phosphorylation of NFkB inhibitory protein IKBα together with reduced enhancement of NFkB transcriptional target proteins, iNOS/COX-2 were observed. In addition, a decrease in the activation of ERK/p38-driven MAP kinase signaling was seen. Similarly, AKT signaling activation as assessed by the diminished phosphorylation at Ser473 with a concomitant decrease in mTOR signaling pathway was also noted as phosphorylation of mTOR regulatory proteins p70S6K and 4E-BP-1 was significantly reduced. Consistently, decreased phosphorylation of GSK3β, which is carried out by AKT kinases was also observed. These results suggest that metformin blocks SCC growth by dampening NFkB and mTOR signaling pathways.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.