ReviewSkin pharmacology and physiology2012
The emerging role of peptides and lipids as antimicrobial epidermal barriers and modulators of local inflammation.
Review in Skin pharmacology and physiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- PPARα deficiency causes skin dysbiosis and triggers innate immunity in keratinocytes.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Human and Marine Host Defense Peptides for Healthy Skin.Marine drugs · 2026Review
- Role of Antimicrobial Peptides in the Pathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis.The Journal of dermatology · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial Peptides for Skin Wound Healing.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Exometabolite-Based Antimicrobial Formulations from Lactic Acid Bacteria as a Multi-Target Strategy Against Multidrug-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Insights of early feeding regime supplemented with glutamine and various levels of omega-3 in broiler chickens: growth performance, muscle building, antioxidant capacity, intestinal barriers health and defense against mixedThe veterinary quarterly · 2024Article
- Thymic stromal lymphopoietin induces IL-4/IL-13 from T cells to promote sebum secretion and adipose loss.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Article
- Sphingolipid-Induced Bone Regulation and Its Emerging Role in Dysfunction Due to Disease and Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Interaction between the microbiota and the skin barrier in aging skin: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Review
- Induction of Endogenous Antimicrobial Peptides to Prevent or Treat Oral Infection and Inflammation.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Association Between Skin Acid Mantle, Natural Moisturizing Factors, and Antibacterial Activity AgainstClinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2023Article
- IL-38 orchestrates proliferation and differentiation in human keratinocytes.Experimental dermatology · 2022Article
- Review
- Article
- Functionalization of Nanomaterials for Skin Cancer Theranostics.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Review
- Antimicrobial Tear Lipids in the Ocular Surface Defense.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Nano-fats for bugs: the benefits of lipid nanoparticles for antimicrobial therapy.Drug delivery and translational research · 2021Review
- Thymic stromal lymphopoietin induces adipose loss through sebum hypersecretion.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2021Article
- Mammalian Epidermis: A Compendium of Lipid Functionality.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- Scalp bacterial shift in Alopecia areata.PloS one · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Skin is complex and comprised of distinct layers, each layer with unique architecture and immunologic functions. Cells within these layers produce differing amounts of antimicrobial peptides and lipids (sphingoid bases and sebaceous fatty acids) that limit colonization of commensal and opportunistic microorganisms. Furthermore, antimicrobial peptides and lipids have distinct, concentration-dependent ancillary innate and adaptive immune functions. At 0.1-2.0 μM, antimicrobial peptides induce cell migration and adaptive immune responses to coadministered antigens. At 2.0-6.0 μM, they induce cell proliferation and enhance wound healing. At 6.0-12.0 μM, they can regulate chemokine and cytokine production and at their highest concentrations of 15.0-30.0 μM, antimicrobial peptides can be cytotoxic. At 1-100 nM, lipids enhance cell migration induced by chemokines, suppress apoptosis, and optimize T cell cytotoxicity, and at 0.3-1.0 μM they inhibit cell migration and attenuate chemokine and pro-inflammatory cytokine responses. Recently, many antimicrobial peptides and lipids at 0.1-2.0 μM have been found to attenuate the production of chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines to microbial antigens. Together, both the antimicrobial and the anti-inflammatory activities of these peptides and lipids may serve to create a strong, overlapping immunologic barrier that not only controls the concentrations of cutaneous commensal flora but also the extent to which they induce a localized inflammatory response.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.