ArticleJournal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association2013
Early caffeine therapy and clinical outcomes in extremely preterm infants.
Article in Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03086473 (A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial of Early Caffeine in Preterm Neonates), which is not on this map. Cited by 55 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial of Early Caffeine in Preterm Neonates
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- Administration time of caffeine in preterm infants: systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Pooled it
- Early caffeine therapy decreases bronchopulmonary dysplasia but might increase mortality in preterm infants? a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Confounding biases in studies on early- versus late-caffeine in preterm infants: a systematic review.Pediatric research · 2020Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical outcomes of early caffeine therapy in preterm neonates.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2017Pooled it
- Early Caffeine Use in Very Low Birth Weight Infants and Neonatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of Korean medical science · 2015Pooled it
- Early Versus Conventional Discontinuation of Caffeine Therapy for Apnea of Prematurity: A Randomized Controlled Trial-The DECaf Trial.Pediatric pulmonology · 2026Trial
- Predictors and outcomes of successful primary nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation in extremely preterm infants: A retrospective observational study.Qatar medical journal · 2025Trial
- [Effect of early caffeine treatment on the need for respirator therapy in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2016Trial
- Neuromodulation of Limb Proprioceptive Afferents Decreases Apnea of Prematurity and Accompanying Intermittent Hypoxia and Bradycardia.PloS one · 2016Trial
- Association Between Caffeine Citrate Initiation Within the First 2 h of Life and Respiratory Outcomes in Very Preterm Infants: A Single-Center Observational Cohort Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Caffeine-associated reduction in patent ductus arteriosus is mediated in part by adenosine receptor antagonism.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2025Article
- Caffeine Protects Newborn Rat Lungs Against the Effects of Hyperoxia and Intra-Amniotic Enterotoxin.Pediatric pulmonology · 2025Article
- Neuroprotective effects of caffeine, erythropoietin, magnesium sulfate, and thyroxine in preterm infants: a network meta-analysis.Translational pediatrics · 2025Article
- Current and Emerging Therapies for Prevention and Treatment of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants.Paediatric drugs · 2025Review
- Caffeine: The Story beyond Oxygen-Induced Lung and Brain Injury in Neonatal Animal Models-A Narrative Review.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Caffeine pharmacokinetics following umbilical vein injection during delayed cord clamping in preterm lambs.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- Caffeine: how early is too early?Pediatric research · 2024Article
- Strategies for the prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Review
- What do we know about the sleep effects of caffeine used to treat apnoea of prematurity? A systematic review of the literature.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2023Review
- The association of salivary caffeine levels with serum concentrations in premature infants with apnea of prematurity.European journal of pediatrics · 2022Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine if early caffeine (EC) therapy is associated with decreased bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or death, decreased treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), or shortened duration of ventilation. STUDY
designIn a retrospective cohort of 140 neonates ≤1250 g at birth, infants receiving EC (initiation <3 days of life) were compared with those receiving late caffeine (LC, initiation ≥3 days of life) using logistic regression.
resultOf infants receiving EC, 25% (21/83) died or developed BPD compared with 53% (30/57) of infants receiving LC (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.09 to 0.70; P<0.01). PDA required treatment in 10% of EC infants versus 36% of LC infants (aOR 0.28, 95%CI 0.10 to 0.73; P=0.01). Duration of mechanical ventilation was shorter in infants receiving EC (EC, 6 days; LC, 22 days; P<0.01).
conclusionInfants receiving EC therapy had improved neonatal outcomes. Further studies are needed to determine if caffeine prophylaxis should be recommended for preterm infants.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.