ArticleInfectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology2012
Pharmacokinetic interactions between the hormonal emergency contraception, levonorgestrel (Plan B), and Efavirenz.
Article in Infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drug interactions between hormonal contraceptives and antiretrovirals.AIDS (London, England) · 2017Pooled it
- Contraception for HIV-Infected Adolescents.Pediatrics · 2016Guideline
- Pharmacokinetics of dose-adjusted levonorgestrel emergency contraception combined with efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy or rifampicin-containing tuberculosis regimens.Contraception · 2023Trial
- Antiretroviral therapy and vaginally administered contraceptive hormones: a three-arm, pharmacokinetic study.The lancet. HIV · 2019Trial
- Unintended Pregnancies Observed With Combined Use of the Levonorgestrel Contraceptive Implant and Efavirenz-based Antiretroviral Therapy: A Three-Arm Pharmacokinetic Evaluation Over 48 Weeks.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016Trial
- U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2024.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2024Article
- A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Simulation to Evaluate Approaches to Mitigate Efavirenz-Induced Decrease in Levonorgestrel Exposure with a Contraceptive Implant.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling of prominent oral contraceptive agents and applications in drug-drug interactions.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2024Article
- Combined Oral Contraceptives As Victims of Drug Interactions.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2023Review
- Management of Drug-Drug Interactions Between Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine and Comedications With Inducing Properties: A Modeling Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Drug-drug interactions of Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors among older people living with HIV: Interazioni farmacologiche degli inibitori delle integrase tra le persone anziane che vivono con HIV.Journal of HIV and ageing · 2022Article
- Pharmacokinetics and Drug-Drug Interactions of Long-Acting Intramuscular Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2021Review
- Quantitative Assessment of Levonorgestrel Binding Partner Interplay and Drug-Drug Interactions Using Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2021Article
- Interactions between Hormonal Contraception and Anti-Retroviral Therapy: An Updated Review.Current obstetrics and gynecology reports · 2020Article
- Pharmacogenetic interactions between antiretroviral drugs and vaginally administered hormonal contraceptives.Pharmacogenetics and genomics · 2020Article
- Drug interactions: not just for orally administered drugs.The lancet. HIV · 2019Article
- Role of CYP3A in Oral Contraceptives Clearance.Clinical and translational science · 2018Review
- Development, validation and utilization of a highly sensitive LC-MS/MS method for quantification of levonorgestrel released from a subdermal implant in human plasma.Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences · 2018Article
- Modern contraceptive use among HIV-infected women attending HIV care centres in Togo: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2018Article
- Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling prediction of the effects of dose adjustment in drug-drug interactions between levonorgestrel contraceptive implants and efavirenz-based ART.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesCompare the Plan B levonorgestrel (LNG) area under the concentration- time curve (AUC(12)) prior to and with efavirenz (EFV). Design. Prospective, open-label, single-arm, equivalence study.
methodsHealthy HIV-negative subjects underwent 12 hr intensive pharmacokinetic (PK) sampling following single dose LNG alone and after 14 days of EFV. Geometric means, Geometric Mean Ratios, and 90% confidence intervals (CI) are reported for PK Parameters. T-tests were utilized. Clinical parameters and liver function tests (LFTs) were assessed.
results24 women enrolled and 21 completed the study. With EFV, LNG AUC(12) was reduced 56% (95% CI: 49%, 62%) from 42.9 to 17.8 ng∗hr/mL, and maximum concentration (C(max)) was reduced 41% (95% CI: 33%, 50%) from 8.4 to 4.6 ng/mL. LNG was well tolerated with no grade 3 or 4 treatment-related toxicities.
conclusionsEFV significantly reduced LNG exposures. Higher LNG doses may be required with EFV. These results reinforce the importance of effective contraception in women taking EFV.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.