ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2012
Functional expression and extension of staphylococcal staphyloxanthin biosynthetic pathway in Escherichia coli.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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31 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Bacterial Natural Product Reshapes Phyllosphere Microbiome Composition by Blocking Carotenoid Biosynthesis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Clemizole inhibits CrtN-driven staphyloxanthin biosynthesis in Staphylococcus aureus to enhance host immune clearance.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Staphylococcus aureus's golden-yellow pigment staphyloxanthin: production enhancement, analytical characterization, and biological attributes.Microbial cell factories · 2026Review
- Heterologous Production of Torularhodin, the Monocyclic Carotenoid with a Terminal Carboxyl Group, inBiotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2026Article
- Synergistic Antibacterial Interaction of Geraniol and Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles on Methicillin-ResistantPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Context matters: assessing the impacts of genomic background and ecology on microbial biosynthetic gene cluster evolution.mSystems · 2025Review
- Genomic exploration of the fermented meat isolate Staphylococcus shinii IMDO-S216 with a focus on competitiveness-enhancing secondary metabolites.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- A Novel Carotenoid-Producing Bacterium,Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Pangenome analysis provides insights into the genetic diversity, metabolic versatility, and evolution of the genusMicrobiology spectrum · 2023Article
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- Evolutionary investigations of the biosynthetic diversity in the skin microbiome usingMicrobial genomics · 2023Article
- Computational Insight into Intraspecies Distinctions inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The squalene route to C30 carotenoid biosynthesis and the origins of carotenoid biosynthetic pathways.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Structure and biosynthesis of carotenoids produced by a novel Planococcus sp. isolated from South Africa.Microbial cell factories · 2022Article
- Small-molecule compound SYG-180-2-2 attenuatesFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Anti-International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Heterologous production of novel and rare CMicrobial cell factories · 2021Article
- Microbial Production of Bioactive Retinoic Acid Using Metabolically EngineeredMicroorganisms · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The biosynthetic pathway for staphyloxanthin, a C(30) carotenoid biosynthesized by Staphylococcus aureus, has previously been proposed to consist of five enzymes (CrtO, CrtP, CrtQ, CrtM, and CrtN). Here, we report a missing sixth enzyme, 4,4'-diaponeurosporen-aldehyde dehydrogenase (AldH), in the staphyloxanthin biosynthetic pathway and describe the functional expression of the complete staphyloxanthin biosynthetic pathway in Escherichia coli. When we expressed the five known pathway enzymes through artificial synthetic operons and the wild-type operon (crtOPQMN) in E. coli, carotenoid aldehyde intermediates such as 4,4'-diaponeurosporen-4-al accumulated without being converted into staphyloxanthin or other intermediates. We identified an aldH gene located 670 kilobase pairs from the known staphyloxanthin gene cluster in the S. aureus genome and an aldH gene in the non-staphyloxanthin-producing Staphylococcus carnosus genome. These two putative enzymes catalyzed the missing oxidation reaction to convert 4,4'-diaponeurosporen-4-al into 4,4'-diaponeurosporenoic acid in E. coli. Deletion of the aldH gene in S. aureus abolished staphyloxanthin biosynthesis and caused accumulation of 4,4'-diaponeurosporen-4-al, confirming the role of AldH in staphyloxanthin biosynthesis. When the complete staphyloxanthin biosynthetic pathway was expressed using an artificial synthetic operon in E. coli, staphyloxanthin-like compounds, which contained altered fatty acid acyl chains, and novel carotenoid compounds were produced, indicating functional expression and coordination of the six staphyloxanthin pathway enzymes.
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