Trial reportJournal of behavioral medicine2013
Reduction of conditioned pain modulation in humans by naltrexone: an exploratory study of the effects of pain catastrophizing.
Trial report in Journal of behavioral medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02469077 (Reduced Opioid Analgesic Requirements Via Improved Endogenous Opioid Function), which is not on this map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Reduced Opioid Analgesic Requirements Via Improved Endogenous Opioid Function
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanism of Action of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Pain Relief-A Systematic Review.Journal of integrative and complementary medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Endogenous opioid antagonism in physiological experimental pain models: a systematic review.PloS one · 2015Pooled it
- Shared effects of the opioid antagonist naltrexone on first-hand and empathic pain.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2026Trial
- Trial
- General versus pain-specific cognitions: Pain catastrophizing but not optimism influences conditioned pain modulation.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2019Trial
- Biofeedback in the prophylactic treatment of medication overuse headache: a pilot randomized controlled trial.The journal of headache and pain · 2016Trial
- Mindfulness-Meditation-Based Pain Relief Is Not Mediated by Endogenous Opioids.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2016Trial
- A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effect of Tapentadol and Morphine on Conditioned Pain Modulation in Healthy Volunteers.PloS one · 2015Trial
- Naltrexone during pain conditioning: A double-blind placebo-controlled experimental trial.Molecular painTrial
- Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in Experienced Meditators.Psychosomatic medicineTrial
- The Role of Expectations and Endogenous Opioids in Mindfulness-Based Relief of Experimentally Induced Acute Pain.Psychosomatic medicineTrial
- Tactile perception and tolerability thresholds of TMS characterized by intensity across locations and frequencies.Clinical neurophysiology practice · 2026Article
- Chronic pain increases sensitivity to pain-induced reinstatement of ethanol seeking in male mice.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Interplay of Psychosocial, Clinical and Modulation Mechanisms in Chronic TMD-Related Disability.Journal of oral rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Anti-nociceptive properties of cardiopulmonary baroreceptors in patients with chronic back pain.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The effect of expectancy on conditioned pain modulation: evidence from functional near-infrared spectroscopy.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- The association between conditioned pain modulation and psychological factors in people with chronic spinal pain: A systematic review.British journal of pain · 2024Article
- The Effect of Myofascial Stretching on Mechanical Nociception and Contributing Neural Mechanisms.NeuroSci · 2024Article
- Pain Mechanisms Associated With Disease Activity in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated With Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs: A Regression Tree Analysis.The Journal of rheumatology · 2023Article
- Pharmacological fMRI provides evidence for opioidergic modulation of discrimination of facial pain expressions.Psychophysiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The current study tested the hypothesis that conditioned pain modulation is mediated by the release of endogenous opioids with a placebo-controlled (sugar pill) study of naltrexone (50 mg) in 33 healthy volunteers over two counter-balanced sessions. Pain modulation consisted of rating of heat pain (palm) during concurrent cold water immersion (foot). Compared to baseline heat pain ratings, concurrent foot immersion lowered pain intensity ratings, which suggests an inhibitory effect, was reduced with naltrexone, suggesting at least partial dependence of inhibition on endogenous opioids. An exploratory analysis revealed that individual differences in catastrophizing moderated the effects of naltrexone; endogenous opioid blockade abolished modulation in subjects lower in catastrophizing while modulation was unaffected by naltrexone among high catastrophizers. The results suggest a role of endogenous opioids in endogenous analgesia, but hint that multiple systems might contribute to conditioned pain modulation, and that these systems might be differentially activated as a function of individual differences in responses to pain.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.