Trial reportJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2012
High diagnostic yield of tuberculosis from screening urine samples from HIV-infected patients with advanced immunodeficiency using the Xpert MTB/RIF assay.
Trial report in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Xpert Ultra versus Xpert MTB/RIF for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra and Xpert MTB/RIF assays for extrapulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- XpertThe Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Diagnostic accuracy of nucleic acid amplification tests in urine for pulmonary tuberculosis: a meta-analysis.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2015Pooled it
- Prevalence of tuberculosis in post-mortem studies of HIV-infected adults and children in resource-limited settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis.AIDS (London, England) · 2015Pooled it
- Diagnostic accuracy of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay for extrapulmonary and pulmonary tuberculosis when testing non-respiratory samples: a systematic review.BMC infectious diseases · 2014Pooled it
- Xpert® MTB/RIF assay for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014Pooled it
- The diagnostic accuracy of urine-based Xpert MTB/RIF in HIV-infected hospitalized patients who are smear-negative or sputum scarce.PloS one · 2012Trial
- Impact of an optimized care model for advanced HIV disease: a non-randomized cluster study in Malawi.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Rapid urine-based screening tests increase the yield of same-day tuberculosis diagnoses among patients living with advanced HIV disease.AIDS (London, England) · 2022Article
- Tuberculosis in Hospitalized Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Clinical Characteristics, Mortality, and Implications From the Rapid Urine-based Screening for Tuberculosis to Reduce AIDS Related Mortality in Hospitalized Patients in Africa.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Accuracy and incremental yield of urine Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra versus Determine TB-LAM for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease · 2020Article
- False rifampicin resistant results using Xpert MTB/RIF on urine samples in hospitalised HIV-infected patients.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2019Article
- Disseminated tuberculosis among hospitalised HIV patients in South Africa: a common condition that can be rapidly diagnosed using urine-based assays.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Tuberculous spondylitis diagnosed through Xpert MTB/RIF assay in urine: a case report.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Article
- Rapid urine-based screening for tuberculosis to reduce AIDS-related mortality in hospitalized patients in Africa (the STAMP trial): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Article
- Xpert MTB/RIF Results in Patients With Previous Tuberculosis: Can We Distinguish True From False Positive Results?Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016Article
- The role of technical assistance in expanding access to Xpert(®) MTB/RIF: experience in sub-Saharan Africa.Public health action · 2016Article
- Detection of lipoarabinomannan (LAM) in urine is indicative of disseminated TB with renal involvement in patients living with HIV and advanced immunodeficiency: evidence and implications.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We determined the diagnostic yield of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay for tuberculosis (TB) when testing small volumes of urine from ambulatory HIV-infected patients before starting antiretroviral therapy in South Africa. Compared with a gold standard of sputum culture, the sensitivity of urine Xpert among those with CD4 cell counts of <50, 50-100, and >100 cells per microliter were 44.4%, 25.0%, and 2.7% (P = 0.001), respectively. Urine Xpert testing provides a means of rapid TB diagnosis in patients with advanced immunodeficiency and poor prognosis. These data are indicative of high rates of TB dissemination and renal involvement in this clinical population.
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