Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22530907›Full record

ReviewMedicinal chemistry (Shariqah (United Arab Emirates))2012

Prodrug strategies in ocular drug delivery.

Megha Barot, Mahuya Bagui, Mitan R Gokulgandhi, Ashim K Mitra

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Medicinal chemistry (Shariqah (United Arab Emirates)), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Ocular prodrugs: Attributes and challenges.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2021
    Review
  5. Thermoresponsive sol-gel improves ocular bioavailability of Dipivefrin hydrochloride and potentially reduces the elevated intraocular pressureSaudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2020
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Multivalent Carbonic Anhydrases Inhibitors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Megha BarotDivision of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
Mahuya Bagui
Mitan R Gokulgandhi
Ashim K Mitra

Funding

Ocular Disposition of Antimicrobial AgentsR01EY009171 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI KANSAS CITY · PI MITRA, ASHIM K. · 1992 to 2010
$3.0M
Transscleral Transport & Polymeric Delivery of Antibody & Steroids for Macular EdR01EY010659 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI KANSAS CITY · PI MITRA, ASHIM K. · 1996 to 2010
$2.5M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY009171NEI NIH HHS R01 EY010659NEI NIH HHS R01 EY 09171-16NEI NIH HHS R01 EY 10659-14
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Poor bioavailability of topically instilled drug is the major concern in the field of ocular drug delivery. Efflux transporters, static and dynamic ocular barriers often possess rate limiting factors for ocular drug therapy. Different formulation strategies like suspension, ointment, gels, nanoparticles, implants, dendrimers and liposomes have been employed in order to improve drug permeation and retention by evading rate limiting factors at the site of absorption. Chemical modification such as prodrug targeting various nutrient transporters (amino acids, peptide and vitamin) has evolved a great deal of interest to improve ocular drug delivery. In this review, we have discussed various prodrug strategies which have been widely applied for enhancing therapeutic efficacy of ophthalmic drugs. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the utilization of prodrug concept in ocular drug delivery. In addition, this review will highlight ongoing academic and industrial research and development in terms of ocular prodrug design and delivery.

Indexed as

Administration, OphthalmicDrug Delivery SystemsHumansProdrugsProdrugs

Identifiers

PMID22530907
PMCPMC4407659

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.