ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2012
Ectopic restriction of DNA repair reveals that UNG2 excises AID-induced uracils predominantly or exclusively during G1 phase.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human antibody heavy chain variable region exon interacts with the 3' regulatory region to form a stable somatic hypermutation center.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- UNG-RPA interaction governs the choice between high-fidelity and mutagenic uracil repair.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- B cell receptor stimulation inhibits class switch recombination through elevated DNA repair.DNA repair · 2026Article
- Article
- A multiscale spatial modeling framework for the germinal center response.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Molecular mechanisms insulating proliferation from genotoxic stress in B lymphocytes.Trends in immunology · 2023Review
- Mechanism and regulation of secondary immunoglobulin diversification.Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) · 2023Review
- APE2 Promotes AID-Dependent Somatic Hypermutation in Primary B Cell Cultures That Is Suppressed by APE1.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- Cyclin O promotes lung cancer progression and cetuximab resistance via cell cycle regulation andJournal of thoracic disease · 2023Article
- HMCES protects immunoglobulin genes specifically from deletions during somatic hypermutation.Genes & development · 2022Article
- Deep learning model of somatic hypermutation reveals importance of sequence context beyond hotspot targeting.iScience · 2022Article
- A scalable model for simulating multi-round antibody evolution and benchmarking of clonal tree reconstruction methods.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Mutagenic Activity of AID/APOBEC Deaminases in Antiviral Defense and Carcinogenesis.Molecular biology · 2022Article
- Nucleotide Pool Imbalance and Antibody Gene Diversification.Vaccines · 2021Review
- Compartments and Connections Within the Germinal Center.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Novel specialized cell state and spatial compartments within the germinal center.Nature immunology · 2020Article
- Base Excision Repair in the Immune System: Small DNA Lesions With Big Consequences.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Mutating for Good: DNA Damage Responses During Somatic Hypermutation.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- RNA Helicase DDX1 Converts RNA G-Quadruplex Structures into R-Loops to Promote IgH Class Switch Recombination.Molecular cell · 2018Article
- SAMHD1 enhances immunoglobulin hypermutation by promoting transversion mutation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immunoglobulin (Ig) affinity maturation requires the enzyme AID, which converts cytosines (C) in Ig genes into uracils (U). This alone produces C:G to T:A transition mutations. Processing of U:G base pairs via U N-glycosylase 2 (UNG2) or MutSα generates further point mutations, predominantly at G:C or A:T base pairs, respectively, but it is unclear why processing is mutagenic. We aimed to test whether the cell cycle phase of U processing determines fidelity. Accordingly, we ectopically restricted UNG2 activity in vivo to predefined cell cycle phases by fusing a UNG2 inhibitor peptide to cell cycle-regulated degradation motifs. We found that excision of AID-induced U by UNG2 occurs predominantly during G1 phase, inducing faithful repair, mutagenic processing, and class switching. Surprisingly, UNG2 does not appear to process U:G base pairs at all in Ig genes outside G1 phase.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.