ArticleJournal of neurovirology2012
Cytokine levels in CSF and neuropsychological performance in HIV patients.
Article in Journal of neurovirology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differential Effects of Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Agonists on HIV Replication and Inflammatory Activation in Monocyte-Derived Macrophages and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Microglia.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Article
- Review
- Release of Soluble Insulin Receptor From Neurons by Cerebrospinal Fluid From Patients With Neurocognitive Dysfunction and HIV Infection.Frontiers in neurology · 2019Article
- Microglial Cells: The Main HIV-1 Reservoir in the Brain.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2019Review
- Childhood maltreatment and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders share similar pathophysiology: a potential sensitisation mechanism?Metabolic brain disease · 2017Review
- HIV-1 and morphine regulation of autophagy in microglia: limited interactions in the context of HIV-1 infection and opioid abuse.Journal of virology · 2015Article
- Heme oxygenase-1 dysregulation in the brain: implications for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Current HIV research · 2014Review
- Tristetraprolin expression and microRNA-mediated regulation during simian immunodeficiency virus infection of the central nervous system.Molecular brain · 2013Article
- Dimethyl fumarate modulation of immune and antioxidant responses: application to HIV therapy.Critical reviews in immunology · 2013Review
- Article
- Soluble mediators of inflammation in HIV and their implications for therapeutics and vaccine development.Cytokine & growth factor reviewsReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
HIV-associated dementia and its precursors are frequently observed complications of HIV infection, even in the presence of combination antiretroviral treatment (cART). The development, surveillance and treatment of this condition are still not completely understood. Cytokines, as immunological transmitters, may be one key to gaining a deeper understanding of the disease. A total of 33 HIV-positive male patients were evaluated by neuropsychological testing, lumbar and venous puncture, neuroimaging and neurological examination. The cytokine content in the CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) was examined by a solid-phase protein array. The Digit-Symbol Test, contraction time analysis, Rey-Osterrieth Figure and Grooved-Pegboard Test showed inferior results in the presence of an inflammatory CSF environment, whereas neuroprotective or anti-inflammatory conditions were correlated to better results in contraction time analysis. Higher CSF levels of cytokines were independently correlated with the duration of HIV infection. The study showed a correlation of cytokine levels in the CSF of HIV patients with test results of their neuropsychological functioning. The effect was pronounced with regard to the more complex executive tasks. Determining CSF cytokine levels may be a useful supplement to the assessment of HIV patients and contribute helpful information to predict neurocognitive performance. Therapeutic strategies to ameliorate a negative impact of an altered cytokine milieu may aid in slowing the evolution of neurocognitive dysfunction.
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