ArticleCellular microbiology2012
ESX-1-mediated translocation to the cytosol controls virulence of mycobacteria.
Article in Cellular microbiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 242 papers.
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Who cites it
242 citing papers in PubMed, 409 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Mycobacterium tuberculosis MEM39 (Rv1977) hijacks host aldolase A (ALDOA) to subvert immunometabolism to facilitate bacterial intracellular survival.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Article
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- Acidic pH Restricts Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria Replication.Molecular microbiology · 2026Article
- Protective versus deleterious roles of pyroptosis in Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium marinum infections.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Tissue-specific transcriptional epistasis between Prkn and Lrrk2 during mycobacterial infection.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2026Article
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- Mycobacterial α-glucans hijack dectin-1 to facilitate intracellular bacterial survival.Science immunology · 2026Article
- Contribution of Proteins to Membrane and Cell Wall Structures in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- ESAT-6 and CFP-10 reactive IgG in patients with tuberculosis inhibits intracellular bacteria.Cell reports · 2025Article
- HnRNPA2B1 tunes antimycobacterial immune responses in macrophages through alternative splicing ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Host-directed therapeutic targets in macrophages and their ligands against mycobacteria tuberculosis.Infection and immunity · 2025Review
- A LXG toxin stabilized by DUF4176 contributes to Streptococcus suis competition and pathogenicity.BMC biology · 2025Article
- Real-time visualization reveals Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESAT-6 disrupts phagosome-like compartment via fibril-mediated vesiculation.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Type I interferons in bacterial diseases: myeloid cells at the crossroads of protection and pathology.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
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- Type VII secretion system gene mutations driving global mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission revealed by whole genomic sequence.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
182 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mycobacterium species, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae, are among the most potent human bacterial pathogens. The discovery of cytosolic mycobacteria challenged the paradigm that these pathogens exclusively localize within the phagosome of host cells. As yet the biological relevance of mycobacterial translocation to the cytosol remained unclear. In this current study we used electron microscopy techniques to establish a clear link between translocation and mycobacterial virulence. Pathogenic, patient-derived mycobacteria species were found to translocate to the cytosol, while non-pathogenic species did not. We were further able to link cytosolic translocation with pathogenicity by introducing the ESX-1 (type VII) secretion system into the non-virulent, exclusively phagolysosomal Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Furthermore, we show that translocation is dependent on the C-terminus of the early-secreted antigen ESAT-6. The C-terminal truncation of ESAT-6 was shown to result in attenuation in mice, again linking translocation to virulence. Together, these data demonstrate the molecular mechanism facilitating translocation of mycobacteria. The ability to translocate from the phagolysosome to the cytosol is with this study proven to be biologically significant as it determines mycobacterial virulence.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.