ArticleNature2012
In vivo reprogramming of murine cardiac fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocytes.
Article in Nature, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 727 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
727 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 1,347 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Bibliometric and Visualized Analysis of Cardiac Regeneration Over a 20-Year Period.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Integrating delivery systems and microenvironmental cues to accelerate clinical translation of cardiac reprogramming.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- In Vivo Direct Reprogramming: Current Progress and Future Prospects from Mechanisms to Therapeutic Application.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Calr-mediated calcium buffering: a molecular barrier to in vivo cardiac reprogramming.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- The cardiac 4D nucleome: nuclear and chromatin dynamics across development, disease and ageing.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2026Review
- Sulfotransferase signaling sustains fibroblast identity and antagonizes therapeutic cardiac reprogramming.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Slick K+ channels contribute to cardiac remodeling, fibrosis, and dysfunction in postinfarction hearts.JCI insight · 2026Article
- DOT1L Drives Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Fibrotic Vascular Remodeling via H3K79 Methylation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Harnessing Lessons from Gel-Based and Advanced Biomaterial Therapeutics to Enable Direct Cellular Reprogramming.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Histone Modifications in Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities.MedComm · 2026Review
- Advances in MicroRNA-Based Therapies for Cardiac Repair: Emerging Strategies for Treating Myocardial Infarction.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2026Review
- Avenues for optimization of cardiac therapeutics by minimally invasive delivery.Acta biomaterialia · 2026Review
- The Role of MEF2 in Scar Formation and Angiogenesis.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2026Review
- TRIC-A Loss Sensitizes the Heart to β-Adrenergic Stress and Drives Cardiomyocyte Death and Fibrosis.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Stem cells in organogenesis and regeneration.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
- Activation of developmental transcription factors using RNA technology promotes heart repair.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Targeting Cardiac Fibroblast Plasticity for Antifibrotic and Regenerative Therapy in Heart Failure.Cells · 2026Review
- ECM proteins regulate microRNA-mediated direct reprogramming of fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes via YAP signaling.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Heart Regeneration for Clinical Application.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Review
- Article
667 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The reprogramming of adult cells into pluripotent cells or directly into alternative adult cell types holds great promise for regenerative medicine. We reported previously that cardiac fibroblasts,which represent 50%of the cells in the mammalian heart, can be directly reprogrammed to adult cardiomyocyte-like cells in vitro by the addition of Gata4, Mef2c and Tbx5 (GMT). Here we use genetic lineage tracing to show that resident non-myocytes in the murine heart can be reprogrammed into cardiomyocyte-like cells in vivo by local delivery of GMT after coronary ligation. Induced cardiomyocytes became binucleate, assembled sarcomeres and had cardiomyocyte-like gene expression. Analysis of single cells revealed ventricular cardiomyocyte-like action potentials, beating upon electrical stimulation, and evidence of electrical coupling. In vivo delivery of GMT decreased infarct size and modestly attenuated cardiac dysfunction up to 3 months after coronary ligation. Delivery of the pro-angiogenic and fibroblast-activating peptide, thymosin b4, along with GMT, resulted in further improvements in scar area and cardiac function. These findings demonstrate that cardiac fibroblasts can be reprogrammed into cardiomyocyte-like cells in their native environment for potential regenerative purposes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.