ArticlePloS one2012
3,3'-Diindolylmethane induces G1 arrest and apoptosis in human acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia cells.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- L1, a 3,3'-diindolylmethane-derivative, induced ER stress-mediated apoptosis and suppressed growth through the FLI1/AKT pathway in erythroleukemia HEL cells.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Synthetic Methodologies and Therapeutic Potential of Indole-3-Carbinol (I3C) and Its Derivatives.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The Research Progress in Physiological and Pathological Functions of TRAF4.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Indoles Derived From Glucobrassicin: Cancer Chemoprevention by Indole-3-Carbinol and 3,3'-Diindolylmethane.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Review
- Preparation and Characterization of Whey Protein Isolate-DIM Nanoparticles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Time dependent response of daunorubicin on cytotoxicity, cell cycle and DNA repair in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.BMC cancer · 2019Article
- Anti-Cancer Effects of 3, 3'-Diindolylmethane on Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Is Enhanced by Calcium Ionophore: The Role of Cytosolic CaFrontiers in pharmacology · 2019Article
- Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Diet and Breast Cancer Risk.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2018Review
- The NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor MLN4924 induces G2 arrest and apoptosis in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- 3,39-Diindolylmethane Ameliorates Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B–Induced Acute Lung Injury through Alterations in the Expression of MicroRNA that Target Apoptosis and Cell-Cycle Arrest in Activated T Cells.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2016Article
- Dietary Indoles Suppress Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity by Inducing a Switch from Proinflammatory Th17 Cells to Anti-Inflammatory Regulatory T Cells through Regulation of MicroRNA.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2016Article
- Akacid medical formulation induces apoptosis in myeloid and lymphatic leukemic cell lines in vitro and in vivo.PloS one · 2015Article
- HDAC8 and STAT3 repress BMF gene activity in colon cancer cells.Cell death & disease · 2014Article
- 3,3'-Diindolylmethane inhibits the invasion and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cellsExperimental and therapeutic medicine · 2014Article
- Drug targets for cell cycle dysregulators in leukemogenesis: in silico docking studies.PloS one · 2014Article
- 1,1-Bis (3'-indolyl)-1-(p-substitutedphenyl)methane compounds inhibit lung cancer cell and tumor growth in a metastasis model.European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences · 2013Article
- Biomedical importance of indoles.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2013Review
- The role of estrogen receptor β in transplacental cancer prevention by indole-3-carbinol.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Certain bioactive food components, including indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) from cruciferous vegetables, have been shown to target cellular pathways regulating carcinogenesis. Previously, our laboratory showed that dietary I3C is an effective transplacental chemopreventive agent in a dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBC)-dependent model of murine T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. The primary objective of the present study was to extend our chemoprevention studies in mice to an analogous human neoplasm in cell culture. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that I3C or DIM may be chemotherapeutic in human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cells. Treatment of the T-ALL cell lines CCRF-CEM, CCRF-HSB2, SUP-T1 and Jurkat with DIM in vitro significantly reduced cell proliferation and viability at concentrations 8- to 25-fold lower than the parent compound I3C. DIM (7.5 µM) arrested CEM and HSB2 cells at the G(1) phase of the cell cycle and 15 µM DIM significantly increased the percentage of apoptotic cells in all T-ALL lines. In CEM cells, DIM reduced protein expression of cyclin dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4, CDK6) and D-type cyclin 3 (CCND3); DIM also significantly altered expression of eight transcripts related to human apoptosis (BCL2L10, CD40LG, HRK, TNF, TNFRSF1A, TNFRSF25, TNFSF8, TRAF4). Similar anticancer effects of DIM were observed in vivo. Dietary exposure to 100 ppm DIM significantly decreased the rate of growth of human CEM xenografts in immunodeficient SCID mice, reduced final tumor size by 44% and increased the apoptotic index compared to control-fed mice. Taken together, our results demonstrate a potential for therapeutic application of DIM in T-ALL.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.