SynthesisThe Cochrane database of systematic reviews2012
Fermented milk for hypertension.
Synthesis in The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating agreement between individual nutrition randomised controlled trials and cohort studies - a meta-epidemiological study.BMC medicine · 2025Pooled it
- A global analysis of dairy consumption and incident cardiovascular disease.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- An Empirical Evaluation of the Impact Scenario of Pooling Bodies of Evidence from Randomized Controlled Trials and Cohort Studies in Nutrition Research.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Koumiss (Fermented Mare's Milk) as a Functional Food: Bioactive Proteins, Peptides, and Future Perspectives.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- An evaluation of the recommendations for primary nutrition research addressing noncommunicable disease using the EPICOT+ framework: A cross-sectional descriptive meta-research study of Cochrane nutrition systematic reviews.Cochrane evidence synthesis and methods · 2024Article
- Milk and dairy products - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023.Food & nutrition research · 2024Article
- Whole-Milk Dairy Foods: Biological Mechanisms Underlying Beneficial Effects on Risk Markers for Cardiometabolic Health.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Review
- Empirical evidence of study design biases in nutrition randomised controlled trials: a meta-epidemiological study.BMC medicine · 2022Article
- Fermented foods and cardiometabolic health: Definitions, current evidence, and future perspectives.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Dairy bioactive proteins and peptides: a narrative review.Nutrition reviews · 2021Review
- Evaluating agreement between bodies of evidence from randomised controlled trials and cohort studies in nutrition research: meta-epidemiological study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2021Article
- Effect of a probiotic on blood pressure in grade 1 hypertension (HYPRO): protocol of a randomized controlled study.Trials · 2020Article
- Milk and Dairy Product Consumption and Cardiovascular Diseases: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2019Review
- Novel perspectives on fermented milks and cardiometabolic health with a focus on type 2 diabetes.Nutrition reviews · 2018Review
- Fermented Food and Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases: A Review.Nutrients · 2018Review
- An assessment of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for non-communicable diseases (NCDs): more and higher quality research is required in less developed countries.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- The role of nutrition and nutraceutical supplements in the treatment of hypertension.World journal of cardiology · 2014Review
- Pre-hypertension: rationale for pharmacotherapy.Current hypertension reports · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFermented milk has been suggested to have a blood pressure lowering effect through increased content of proteins and peptides produced during the bacterial fermentation. Hypertension is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease world wide and new blood pressure reducing lifestyle interventions, such as fermented milk, would be of great importance.
objectivesTo investigate whether fermented milk or similar products produced by lactobacilli fermentation of milk proteins has any blood pressure lowering effect in humans when compared to no treatment or placebo. SEARCH
methodsThe Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), English language databases, including MEDLINE (1966-2011), EMBASE (1974-2011), Cochrane Complementary Medicine Trials Register, Allied and Complementary Medicine (AMED) (1985-2011), Food science and technology abstracts (1969-2011). SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials; cross over and parallel studies evaluating the effect on blood pressure of fermented milk in humans with an intervention period of 4 weeks or longer. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Data was extracted individually by two authors, afterwards agreement had to be obtained before imputation in the review. MAIN
resultsA modest overall effect of fermented milk on SBP was found (MD -2.45; 95% CI -4.30 to -0.60), no effect was evident on DBP (MD -0.67; 95% CI -1.48, 0.14). AUTHORS'
conclusionsThe review does not support an effect of fermented milk on blood pressure. Despite the positive effect on SBP the authors conclude, for several reasons, that fermented milk has no effect on blood pressure. The effect found was very modest and only on SBP, the included studies were very heterogeneous and several with weak methodology. Finally, sensitivity and subgroup analyses could not reproduce the antihypertensive effect. The results do not give notion to the use of fermented milk as treatment for hypertension or as a lifestyle intervention for pre-hypertension nor would it influence population blood pressure.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.