ArticleDiabetes2012
Recycling between cortisol and cortisone in human splanchnic, subcutaneous adipose, and skeletal muscle tissues in vivo.
Article in Diabetes, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- ABCC1 modulates negative feedback control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in vivo in humans.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2022Trial
- Effects of Obesity and Insulin on Tissue-Specific Recycling Between Cortisol and Cortisone in Men.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Trial
- Metformin Increases Cortisol Regeneration by 11βHSD1 in Obese Men With and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2016Trial
- Diet-induced weight loss has chronic tissue-specific effects on glucocorticoid metabolism in overweight postmenopausal women.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2015Trial
- Displacement of cortisol from human heart by acute administration of a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2014Trial
- The postprandial rise in plasma cortisol in men is mediated by macronutrient-specific stimulation of adrenal and extra-adrenal cortisol production.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2014Trial
- Oral contraception but not menstrual cycle phase is associated with increased free cortisol levels and low hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2013Trial
- Reduced cortisol metabolism during critical illness.The New England journal of medicine · 2013Trial
- The NE/AAT/CBG axis regulates adipose tissue glucocorticoid exposure.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Obesity metabolomics signature in children: associations with metabolic abnormalities and potential biomarkers.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- The Metabolic Syndrome, a Human Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Contribution of local regeneration of glucocorticoids to tissue steroid pools.The Journal of endocrinology · 2023Article
- Confounding effects of liquorice, hydrocortisone, and blood contamination on salivary cortisol but not cortisone.Endocrine connections · 2023Article
- Cortisol excess in chronic kidney disease - A review of changes and impact on mortality.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Interleukin-2 drives cortisol secretion in an age-, dose-, and body composition-dependent way.Endocrine connections · 2020Article
- Androstenedione changes steroidogenic activity of SGBS cells.Endocrine connections · 2020Article
- Neutrophil elastase-cleaved corticosteroid-binding globulin is absent in human plasma.The Journal of endocrinology · 2019Article
- Dysregulation of Cortisol Metabolism in Equine Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction.Endocrinology · 2018Article
- Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) extract treatment improves triglyceridemia, liver cholesterol, liver steatosis, oxidative damage and corticosteronemia in rats rendered obese by high fat diet.European journal of nutrition · 2018Article
- Transfer and Metabolism of Cortisol by the Isolated Perfused Human Placenta.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11βHSD1) is a therapeutic target in metabolic syndrome because it catalyses reductase regeneration of cortisol from cortisone in adipose and liver. 11βHSD1 can also catalyze the reverse dehydrogenase reaction in vitro (e.g., if cofactor is limited). We used stable isotope tracers to test the hypothesis that both 11βHSD1-reductase and -dehydrogenase activities occur in human metabolic tissues in vivo. 1,2-[(2)H](2)-Cortisone (d2-cortisone) was validated as a tracer for 11β-dehydrogenase activity and its inhibition by licorice. d2-Cortisone and 9,11,12,12-[(2)H](4)-cortisol (d4-cortisol) (to measure 11β-reductase activity) were coinfused and venous samples obtained from skeletal muscle, subcutaneous adipose (n = 6), and liver (n = 4). Steroids were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and arteriovenous differences adjusted for blood flow. Data are means ± SEM. 11β-Reductase and -dehydrogenase activities were detected in muscle (cortisol release 19.7 ± 4.1 pmol/100 mL/min, d3-cortisol 5.9 ± 1.8 pmol/100 mL/min, and cortisone 15.2 ± 5.8 pmol/100 mL/min) and splanchnic (cortisol 64.0 ± 11.4 nmol/min, d3-cortisol 12.9 ± 2.1 nmol/min, and cortisone 19.5 ± 2.8 nmol/min) circulations. In adipose, dehydrogenase was more readily detected than reductase (cortisone release 38.7 ± 5.8 pmol/100 g/min). Active recycling between cortisol and cortisone in metabolic tissues in vivo may facilitate dynamic control of intracellular cortisol but makes consequences of dysregulation of 11βHSD1 transcription in obesity and diabetes unpredictable. Disappointing efficacy of 11βHSD1 inhibitors in phase II studies could be explained by lack of selectivity for 11β-reductase.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.