ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2012
Variability of plasma and urine betaine in diabetes mellitus and its relationship to methionine load test responses: an observational study.
Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Choline and Betaine Are Not Associated With the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.Journal of diabetes research · 2026Pooled it
- Assessment of urinary betaine as a marker of diabetes mellitus in cardiovascular patients.PloS one · 2013Trial
- Review
- A roadmap to the molecular human linking multiomics with population traits and diabetes subtypes.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Betaine and I-LG may have a predictive value for ATB: A causal study in a large European population.PloS one · 2024Article
- The major biogenic amine metabolites in mood disorders.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Review
- Making the case for prophylactic use of betaine to promote brain health in young (15-24 year old) athletes at risk for concussion.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- Maternal Dietary Betaine Prevents High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Disorders and Gut Microbiota Alterations in Mouse Dams and Offspring From Young to Adult.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Betaine alleviated hepatic and renal injury in diabetic pregnant rats: biochemical and histopathological evidences.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2020Article
- Association between plasma betaine levels and dysglycemia in patients with coronary artery disease.Bioscience reports · 2020Article
- Identification of pathognomonic purine synthesis biomarkers by metabolomic profiling of adolescents with obesity and type 2 diabetes.PloS one · 2020Observational
- Review
- Detection of Secondary Metabolites as Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2019Article
- Maternal betaine supplementation affects fetal growth and lipid metabolism of high-fat fed mice in a temporal-specific manner.Nutrition & diabetes · 2018Article
- Betaine in Inflammation: Mechanistic Aspects and Applications.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Carboxybetaine-modified succinylated chitosan-based beads encourage pancreatic β-cells (Min-6) to form islet-like spheroids under in vitro conditions.Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine · 2017Article
- Increased Trimethylamine N-Oxide Portends High Mortality Risk Independent of Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Clinical chemistry · 2017Article
- Listening to Our Gut: Contribution of Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Pathogenesis.Current diabetes reports · 2015Review
- Relationship between blood levels of methyl donor and folate and mild cognitive impairment in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: a case-control study.Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition · 2014Article
- Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSince betaine is an osmolyte and methyl donor, and abnormal betaine loss is common in diabetes mellitus (>20% patients), we investigated the relationship between betaine and the post-methionine load rise in homocysteine, in diabetes and control subjects. The post-methionine load test is reported to be both an independent vascular risk factor and a measure of betaine sufficiency.
methodsPatients with type 2 diabetes (n = 34) and control subjects (n = 17) were recruited. We measured baseline fasting plasma and 4-hour post-methionine load (L-methionine, 0.1 mg/kg body weight) concentrations of homocysteine, betaine, and the betaine metabolite N,N-dimethylglycine. Baseline urine excretions of betaine, dimethylglycine and glucose were measured on morning urine samples as the ratio to urine creatinine. Statistical determinants of the post-methionine load increase in homocysteine were identified in multiple linear regression models.
resultsPlasma betaine concentrations and urinary betaine excretions were significantly (p < 0.001) more variable in the subjects with diabetes compared with the controls. Dimethylglycine excretion (p = 0.00014) and plasma dimethylglycine concentrations (p = 0.039) were also more variable. In diabetes, plasma betaine was a significant negative determinant (p < 0.001) of the post-methionine load increase in homocysteine. However, it was not conclusive that this was different from the relationship in the controls. In the patients with diabetes, a strong relationship was found between urinary betaine excretion and urinary glucose excretion (but not with plasma glucose).
conclusionsBoth high and low plasma betaine concentrations, and high and low urinary betaine excretions, are more prevalent in diabetes. The availability of betaine affects the response in the methionine load test. The benefits of increasing betaine intake should be investigated.
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