ReviewChimerism
Mixed chimerism and split tolerance: mechanisms and clinical correlations.
Review in Chimerism. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- MHC Class II Sharing Appears to Promote Intestinal Allograft Tolerance Through Linked Suppression in a Large Animal Model.Transplantation · 2025Article
- Distinct roles for major and minor antigen barriers in chimerism-based tolerance under irradiation-free conditions.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2021Article
- Stability of Chimerism in Non-Obese Diabetic Mice Achieved By Rapid T Cell Depletion Is Associated With High Levels of Donor Cells Very Early After Transplant.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Murine models of transplantation tolerance through mixed chimerism: advances and roadblocks.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2017Review
- Mechanisms of Tolerance Induction by Hematopoietic Chimerism: The Immune Perspective.Stem cells translational medicine · 2017Review
- Combining Adoptive Treg Transfer with Bone Marrow Transplantation for Transplantation Tolerance.Current transplantation reports · 2017Review
- Incomplete clonal deletion as prerequisite for tissue-specific minor antigen tolerization.JCI insight · 2016Article
- Minor Antigen Disparities Impede Induction of Long Lasting Chimerism and Tolerance through Bone Marrow Transplantation with Costimulation Blockade.Journal of immunology research · 2016Article
- T-regulatory cell treatment prevents chronic rejection of heart allografts in a murine mixed chimerism model.The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation · 2014Article
- IL-7 receptor blockade following T cell depletion promotes long-term allograft survival.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Establishing hematopoietic mixed chimerism can lead to donor-specific tolerance to transplanted organs and may eliminate the need for long-term immunosuppressive therapy, while also preventing chronic rejection. In this review, we discuss central and peripheral mechanisms of chimerism induced tolerance. However, even in the long-lasting presence of a donor organ or donor hematopoietic cells, some allogeneic tissues from the same donor can be rejected; a phenomenon known as split tolerance. With the current goal of creating mixed chimeras using clinically feasible amounts of donor bone marrow and with minimal conditioning, split tolerance may become more prevalent and its mechanisms need to be explored. Some predisposing factors that may increase the likelihood of split tolerance are immunogenicity of the graft, certain donor-recipient combinations, prior sensitization, location and type of graft and minimal conditioning chimerism induction protocols. Additionally, split tolerance may occur due to a differential susceptibility of various types of tissues to rejection. The mechanisms involved in a tissue's differential susceptibility to rejection include the presence of polymorphic tissue-specific antigens and variable sensitivity to indirect pathway effector mechanisms. Finally, we review the clinical attempts at allograft tolerance through the induction of chimerism; studies that are revealing the complex relationship between chimerism and tolerance. This relationship often displays split tolerance, and further research into its mechanisms is warranted.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.