ArticlePloS one2012
Exhaled aerosol transmission of pandemic and seasonal H1N1 influenza viruses in the ferret.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advancing A(H5N1) influenza risk assessment in ferrets through comparative evaluation of airborne virus shedding patterns.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Article
- Ventilation does not affect close-range transmission of influenza virus in a ferret playpen setup.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Symptom propagation in respiratory pathogens of public health concern: a review of the evidence.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2024Review
- Article
- Kinetics and magnitude of viral RNA shedding as indicators for Influenza A virus transmissibility in ferrets.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Fate of Exhaled Droplets From Breathing and Coughing in Supermarket Checkouts and Passenger Cars.Environmental health insights · 2023Article
- Animal Models of Enterovirus D68 Infection and Disease.Journal of virology · 2022Review
- What were the historical reasons for the resistance to recognizing airborne transmission during the COVID-19 pandemic?Indoor air · 2022Review
- Increased small particle aerosol transmission of B.1.1.7 compared with SARS-CoV-2 lineage A in vivo.Nature microbiology · 2022Article
- Ferrets as a model for tuberculosis transmission.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Secondary infection withFEMS microbes · 2022Article
- Non-respiratory particles emitted by guinea pigs in airborne disease transmission experiments.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Airborne transmission of respiratory viruses.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2021Review
- Pre-existing heterosubtypic immunity provides a barrier to airborne transmission of influenza viruses.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Ferreting Out Influenza Virus Pathogenicity and Transmissibility: Past and Future Risk Assessments in the Ferret Model.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2020Review
- Pulmonary surfactant lipids inhibit infections with the pandemic H1N1 influenza virus in several animal models.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2020Article
- Characterising viable virus from air exhaled by H1N1 influenza-infected ferrets reveals the importance of haemagglutinin stability for airborne infectivity.PLoS pathogens · 2020Article
- Recognition of aerosol transmission of infectious agents: a commentary.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Review
- Ferrets as Models for Influenza Virus Transmission Studies and Pandemic Risk Assessments.Emerging infectious diseases · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Person-to-person transmission of influenza viruses occurs by contact (direct and fomites) and non-contact (droplet and small particle aerosol) routes, but the quantitative dynamics and relative contributions of these routes are incompletely understood. The transmissibility of influenza strains estimated from secondary attack rates in closed human populations is confounded by large variations in population susceptibilities. An experimental method to phenotype strains for transmissibility in an animal model could provide relative efficiencies of transmission. We developed an experimental method to detect exhaled viral aerosol transmission between unanesthetized infected and susceptible ferrets, measured aerosol particle size and number, and quantified the viral genomic RNA in the exhaled aerosol. During brief 3-hour exposures to exhaled viral aerosols in airflow-controlled chambers, three strains of pandemic 2009 H1N1 strains were frequently transmitted to susceptible ferrets. In contrast one seasonal H1N1 strain was not transmitted in spite of higher levels of viral RNA in the exhaled aerosol. Among three pandemic strains, the two strains causing weight loss and illness in the intranasally infected 'donor' ferrets were transmitted less efficiently from the donor than the strain causing no detectable illness, suggesting that the mucosal inflammatory response may attenuate viable exhaled virus. Although exhaled viral RNA remained constant, transmission efficiency diminished from day 1 to day 5 after donor infection. Thus, aerosol transmission between ferrets may be dependent on at least four characteristics of virus-host relationships including the level of exhaled virus, infectious particle size, mucosal inflammation, and viral replication efficiency in susceptible mucosa.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.