ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2012
Long-lived epithelial immunity by tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells in the absence of persisting local antigen presentation.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 407 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
407 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells in Skin Diseases: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Innate-like Gene Expression of Lung-Resident Memory CD8American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2021Trial
- Characterization and comparison of innate and adaptive immune responses at vaccine sites in melanoma vaccine clinical trials.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2021Trial
- Single-Cell Profiling Identifies Skin-Resident Memory CD4European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic analysis of tissue-resident memory T cells of the fallopian tube reveals a precursor immune surveillance network for ovarian cancer prevention.Nature communications · 2026Article
- CD8MedComm · 2026Review
- PD-1 Inhibits CD4+ TRM-Mediated cDC1 Mobilization via Suppressing JAML in Human NSCLC.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Stage-Dependent Transcriptional Reprogramming of B-Cell Receptor Signaling and Antigen Presentation During Bovine Leukemia Virus-Driven Lymphomagenesis.Animal genetics · 2026Article
- Living rent free in your head: resident memory T cells.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Review
- Functions and features of circulating memory T cells.Immunity · 2026Review
- Expression of CD103 facilitates localization and activation of CD4Mucosal immunology · 2026Article
- Regulatory T cells restrain IL-15-mediated cytotoxic and bystander T cell activity in mucosal tissue without compromising antigen-driven memory.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Genital herpes shedding episodes associate with altered spatial organization and activation of mucosal immune cells.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Mucosal immunity in cancer metastasis: roles, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Targeting delayed healing tissues: immune reprogramming of adaptive immune cells by biomaterials.Regenerative biomaterials · 2026Review
- The cell-mediated adaptive immune response to herpes simplex virus type 1 encephalitis: mechanisms and clinical implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Role of mucosal chemokines in the development of tissue-resident CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immune dysregulation in endometriosis: the T cell perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Intestinal tissue-resident memory T cells: Characteristics, spatial heterogeneity, age-related dynamics, and roles in disease regulation.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
347 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although circulating memory T cells provide enhanced protection against pathogen challenge, they often fail to do so if infection is localized to peripheral or extralymphoid compartments. In those cases, it is T cells already resident at the site of virus challenge that offer superior immune protection. These tissue-resident memory T (T(RM)) cells are identified by their expression of the α-chain from the integrin α(E)(CD103)β(7), and can exist in disequilibrium with the blood, remaining in the local environment long after peripheral infections subside. In this study, we demonstrate that long-lived intraepithelial CD103(+)CD8(+) T(RM) cells can be generated in the absence of in situ antigen recognition. Local inflammation in skin and mucosa alone resulted in enhanced recruitment of effector populations and their conversion to the T(RM) phenotype. The CD8(+) T(RM) cells lodged in these barrier tissues provided long-lived protection against local challenge with herpes simplex virus in skin and vagina challenge models, and were clearly superior to the circulating memory T-cell cohort. The results demonstrate that peripheral T(RM) cells can be generated and survive in the absence of local antigen presentation and provide a powerful means of achieving immune protection against peripheral infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.