ArticleBMJ open2012
Do adverts increase the probability of finding online cognitive behavioural therapy for depression? Cross-sectional study.
Article in BMJ open, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01469689 (Raising Awareness of Online Therapies for Depression), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Raising Awareness of Online Therapies for Depression: Pilot Study
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Recruitment to online therapies for depression: pilot cluster randomized controlled trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2013Trial
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the effect of online adverts on the probability of finding online cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for depression.
designExploratory online cross-sectional study of search experience of people in the UK with depression in 2011. (1) The authors identified the search terms over 6 months entered by users who subsequently clicked on the advert for online help for depression. (2) A panel of volunteers across the UK recorded websites presented by normal Google search for the term 'depression'. (iii) The authors examined these websites to estimate probabilities of knowledgeable and naive internet users finding online CBT and the improved probability by addition of a Google advert.
participants(1) 3868 internet users entering search terms related to depression into Google. (2) Panel, recruited online, of 12 UK participants with an interest in depression.
main outcome measuresProbability of finding online CBT for depression with/without an advert.
resultsThe 3868 users entered 1748 different search terms but the single keyword 'depression' resulted in two-thirds of the presentations of, and over half the 'clicks' on, the advert. In total, 14 different websites were presented to our panel in the first page of Google results for 'depression'. Four of the 14 websites had links enabling access to online CBT in three clicks for knowledgeable users. Extending this approach to the 10 most frequent search terms, the authors estimated probabilities of finding online CBT as 0.29 for knowledgeable users and 0.006 for naive users, making it unlikely CBT would be found. Adding adverts that linked directly to online CBT increased the probabilities to 0.31 (knowledgeable) and 0.02 (naive).
conclusionsIn this case, online CBT was not easy to find and online adverts substantially increased the chance for naive users. Others could use this approach to explore additional impact before committing to long-term Google AdWords advertising budgets.
trial registrationThis exploratory case study was a substudy within a cluster randomised trial, registered on http://www.clinicaltrials.gov (reference: NCT01469689). (The trial will be reported subsequently).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.