ReviewJournal of innate immunity2012
Tissue microenvironments define and get reinforced by macrophage phenotypes in homeostasis or during inflammation, repair and fibrosis.
Review in Journal of innate immunity, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in severe traumatic brain injury: a phase II randomized control trial.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2014Trial
- Trained immunity in respiratory diseases: Mechanisms of action and intervention strategies.Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine · 2026Review
- Metamorphosing macrophages promote placental fibrosis by upregulating the transcription factor STAT5A.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Differences and significance of macrophage subtypes and regulatory T lymphocytes in the expression of interstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy at different stages.BMC nephrology · 2026Article
- The dual role of metabolic reprogramming in macrophage polarization in rheumatoid arthritis and coronary heart disease and the intervention strategy of traditional Chinese medicine.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- G1 and G2 ApolipoproteinL1 modulate macrophage inflammation and lipid accumulation through the polyamine pathway.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Agent-based modeling of macrophage-fibroblast interactions in the immune response to biomaterials.PloS one · 2025Article
- CXCR4 regulates macrophage M1 polarization by altering glycolysis to promote prostate fibrosis.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Article
- Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Induce Skeletal Muscle Cell Repair by Sustaining the Expression of Proteins Involved in the Response to Cellular Damage and Oxidative Stress.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Mitochondrial Impairment: A Link for Inflammatory Responses Activation in the Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 4.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Adipose Tissue-Derived Components: From Cells to Tissue Glue to Treat Dermal Damage.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Polarization Behavior of Bone Macrophage as Well as Associated Osteoimmunity in Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head.Journal of inflammation research · 2023Review
- The Hippo-YAP/TAZ Signaling Pathway in Intestinal Self-Renewal and Regeneration After Injury.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- Recent insights into the characteristics and role of peritoneal macrophages from ascites of cirrhotic patients.World journal of gastroenterology · 2021Article
- Downregulation of the PD-1/PD-Ls pathway in peripheral cells correlates with asbestosis severity.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2021Article
- Macrophage Related Chronic Inflammation in Non-Healing Wounds.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Only Hyperuricemia with Crystalluria, but not Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia, Drives Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2020Article
- Macrophage to myofibroblast transition contributes to subretinal fibrosis secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2020Article
- The varying roles of macrophages in kidney injury and repair.Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension · 2020Review
- The complexity of neutrophils in health and disease: Focus on cancer.Seminars in immunology · 2020Review
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Current macrophage phenotype classifications are based on distinct in vitro culture conditions that do not adequately mirror complex tissue environments. In vivo monocyte progenitors populate all tissues for immune surveillance which supports the maintenance of homeostasis as well as regaining homeostasis after injury. Here we propose to classify macrophage phenotypes according to prototypical tissue environments, e.g. as they occur during homeostasis as well as during the different phases of (dermal) wound healing. In tissue necrosis and/or infection, damage- and/or pathogen-associated molecular patterns induce proinflammatory macrophages by Toll-like receptors or inflammasomes. Such classically activated macrophages contribute to further tissue inflammation and damage. Apoptotic cells and an-tiinflammatory cytokines dominate in postinflammatory tissues which induce macrophages to produce more anti-inflammatory mediators. Similarly, tumor-associated macrophages also confer immunosuppression in tumor stroma. Insufficient parenchymal healing despite abundant growth factors pushes macrophages to gain a profibrotic phenotype and promote fibrocyte recruitment which both enforce tissue scarring. Ischemic scars are largely devoid of cytokines and growth factors so that fibrolytic macrophages that predominantly secrete proteases digest the excess extracellular matrix. Together, macrophages stabilize their surrounding tissue microenvironments by adapting different phenotypes as feed-forward mechanisms to maintain tissue homeostasis or regain it following injury. Furthermore, macrophage heterogeneity in healthy or injured tissues mirrors spatial and temporal differences in microenvironments during the various stages of tissue injury and repair.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.